{"title":"Treasury \u0026 Debt Certificates\/Pay Orders","description":null,"products":[{"product_id":"connecticut-continental-currency-woodworth","title":"Connecticut Continental Pay Order  Woodworth","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis document is a 1782 Connecticut Treasury Office pay order, also known as a promissory note or bond, issued to a soldier for service in the Connecticut Line of the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e1 1\/2 inch tear bottom center upward.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eKey Details of the Document\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eRecipient: Issued to Mr. Ebenr. Woodworth.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDate: Dated June 1, 1782.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAmount: The sum of thirteen pounds, one shilling, and six pence (£13:1:6).\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003ePurpose: These notes represented one-fourth of the total balance found due to a soldier for their military service. They were issued because the state often lacked the immediate cash to pay troops.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eSigner: This particular note is signed by John Lawrence, who served as the Treasurer of Connecticut. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eHistorical Significance\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThese \"Continental Line\" certificates are important historical artifacts of early American finance and the military history of the Revolution. They were typically payable in \"Gold or Silver\" by a future date (in this case, June 1, 1787) and accrued annual interest. Because many soldiers were in dire need of funds after the war, they often sold these notes to speculators at a fraction of their face value. \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Princeton Audubon Prints","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":51779805053210,"sku":"EB-327015588683","price":275.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2221\/0931\/files\/57_e0af2bc2-349b-4084-8559-8774a8835e13.jpg?v=1772543875"},{"product_id":"connecticut-continental-currency-carter","title":"Connecticut Continental Currency Carter","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis document is a 1780 Connecticut Treasury Office pay order, also known as a promissory note or bond, issued to a soldier for service in the Connecticut Line of the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003ePurpose: These notes represented one-fourth of the total balance found due to a soldier for their military service. They were issued because the state often lacked the immediate cash to pay troops.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eSigner: This particular note is signed by John Lawrence, who served as the Treasurer of Connecticut. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eHistorical Significance\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThese \"Continental Line\" certificates are important historical artifacts of early American finance and the military history of the Revolution. They were typically payable in \"Gold or Silver\" by a future date and accrued annual interest. Because many soldiers were in dire need of funds after the war, they often sold these notes to speculators at a fraction of their face value. \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Princeton Audubon Prints","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":51779805249818,"sku":"EB-327015596787","price":275.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2221\/0931\/files\/57_f6eb6d90-90ec-46fa-8ae5-d04c7a61c1b0.jpg?v=1772543878"},{"product_id":"connecticut-continental-currency-gilbert","title":"Connecticut Continental Currency Gilbert","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis document is a 1780 Connecticut Treasury Office pay order, also known as a promissory note or bond, issued to a soldier for service in the Connecticut Line of the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003ePurpose: These notes represented one-fourth of the total balance found due to a soldier for their military service. They were issued because the state often lacked the immediate cash to pay troops.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eSigner: This particular note is signed by John Lawrence, who served as the Treasurer of Connecticut. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eHistorical Significance\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThese \"Continental Line\" certificates are important historical artifacts of early American finance and the military history of the Revolution. They were typically payable in \"Gold or Silver\" by a future date and accrued annual interest. Because many soldiers were in dire need of funds after the war, they often sold these notes to speculators at a fraction of their face value. \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Princeton Audubon Prints","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":51779805348122,"sku":"EB-327015601431","price":275.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2221\/0931\/files\/57_9d6f183c-ff6b-4e2d-afd2-b8cdb3e2b275.jpg?v=1772543881"},{"product_id":"1783-benjamin-talmadge-revolutionary-war-harbored-culper-spy-ring-washington","title":"1783 Benjamin Talmadge Revolutionary War Harbored Culper Spy Ring Washington","description":"\u003cp\u003eREVOLUTIONARY WAR PAY ORDER TO BENJAMIN TALLMADGE\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e1783 Revolutionary War Manuscript Naming George Washington's Spymaster\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eOriginal Revolutionary War manuscript document executed at Litchfield, Connecticut, on January 17, 1783, during the final months of the American Revolution.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe document directs:\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\"Pay to Mr. Benj. Tallmadge or order all the public securities you may receive for me on account of my wages \u0026amp; bounty...\"\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis remarkable manuscript directly names Benjamin Tallmadge (1754–1835), the Continental Army officer who organized and directed George Washington's famed Culper Spy Ring, America's most successful Revolutionary War intelligence network.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eTallmadge served throughout the Revolution and became one of Washington's most trusted intelligence officers. Through agents such as Abraham Woodhull, Robert Townsend, and others operating in British-occupied New York, Tallmadge managed the clandestine communications network that supplied Washington with critical military intelligence during the war.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eExecuted in Litchfield, Connecticut, the document concerns payment of Revolutionary War wages and bounty rights through public securities issued by the government to compensate veterans. The reverse bears additional endorsements and accounting notations dated July 5, 1786, recording receipt and settlement of approximately eighty-three dollars and gratuity.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe document further bears endorsements of members of the prominent Tallmadge family, including John Tallmadge, strengthening its direct association with one of Connecticut's most important Revolutionary families.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eHISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e• Names Benjamin Tallmadge\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e• Revolutionary War period manuscript\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e• Dated January 17, 1783\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e• Created during the final year of the Revolution\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e• Connected to military wages and bounty compensation\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e• Litchfield, Connecticut origin\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e• Multiple contemporary endorsements\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e• Direct association with Washington's intelligence chief\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e• Exceptional Revolutionary War and espionage interest\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eBENJAMIN TALLMADGE\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eMajor Benjamin Tallmadge served as chief intelligence officer for General George Washington and organized the legendary Culper Spy Ring. After the war he became a prominent statesman and served for many years as a member of Congress. Documents directly relating to Tallmadge are highly sought after by collectors of Revolutionary War, intelligence, and early American history.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eCONDITION\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eOriginal manuscript with expected fold lines, minor age toning, and handling wear consistent with an eighteenth-century document. Ink remains dark and highly legible. A handsome and highly displayable Revolutionary War manuscript.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eA superb addition to collections of:\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e• Revolutionary War manuscripts\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e• George Washington material\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e• American intelligence history\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e• Culper Spy Ring collections\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e• Connecticut history\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e• Revolutionary War pay and bounty documents\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e• Early American manuscripts\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAn outstanding Revolutionary War survivor naming one of the most famous intelligence officers in American history.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Signature Documents LLC","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":52371755991322,"sku":"EB-327220145592","price":2495.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2221\/0931\/files\/57_24a3fb32-ab50-4fff-bf17-739c5b5d22fc.jpg?v=1781826883"},{"product_id":"1783-1786-archive-of-three-revolutionary-war-manuscripts-relating-to-major-benjamin-tallmadge-george-washingtons-intelligence-chief","title":"1783–1786 Archive of Three Revolutionary War Manuscripts Relating to Major Benjamin Tallmadge, George Washington's Intelligence Chief","description":"\u003ch1 class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\" data-end=\"343\" data-start=\"203\" data-section-id=\"l884sn\"\u003e\n\u003cspan role=\"text\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-end=\"343\" data-start=\"205\"\u003eArchive of Three Revolutionary War Manuscripts Relating to Major Benjamin Tallmadge, George Washington's Intelligence Chief, 1783–1786\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchor\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/h1\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"804\" data-start=\"345\"\u003eAn exceptional archive of \u003cstrong data-end=\"419\" data-start=\"371\"\u003ethree original Revolutionary War manuscripts\u003c\/strong\u003e documenting the final settlement of Continental Army pay, clothing allowances, wagon bounty, and public securities during the closing months of the American Revolution. Two of the documents are signed by \u003cstrong data-end=\"642\" data-start=\"624\"\u003eJohn Tallmadge\u003c\/strong\u003e, and all three most likely relate directly to \u003cstrong data-end=\"705\" data-start=\"677\"\u003eMajor Benjamin Tallmadge\u003c\/strong\u003e, commander of the 2nd Continental Light Dragoons and George Washington's famed intelligence chief.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"1010\" data-start=\"806\"\u003eTogether, the manuscripts trace the financial settlement of Revolutionary War service from the issuance of payment orders in 1783 through their official settlement by the United States government in 1786.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr data-end=\"1015\" data-start=\"1012\"\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-end=\"1032\" data-start=\"1017\" data-section-id=\"7n9sj2\"\u003eDocument One\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"1079\" data-start=\"1034\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-end=\"1079\" data-start=\"1034\"\u003eLitchfield, Connecticut – August 11, 1783\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"1273\" data-start=\"1081\"\u003eAddressed to \u003cstrong data-end=\"1130\" data-start=\"1094\"\u003eCapt. William Planton, Paymaster\u003c\/strong\u003e, this order directs payment of \u003cstrong data-end=\"1193\" data-start=\"1162\"\u003efifteen pounds lawful money\u003c\/strong\u003e, earned as wages for 1782, to \u003cstrong data-end=\"1243\" data-start=\"1224\"\u003eBenj. Tallmadge\u003c\/strong\u003e and another named individual.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"1377\" data-start=\"1275\"\u003eThe document is signed by \u003cstrong data-end=\"1316\" data-start=\"1301\"\u003eSamuel Ware\u003c\/strong\u003e and witnessed by \u003cstrong data-end=\"1353\" data-start=\"1334\"\u003eStephen Downing\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong data-end=\"1376\" data-start=\"1358\"\u003eJohn Tallmadge\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"1790\" data-start=\"1379\"\u003eThe reverse bears an official federal endorsement dated \u003cstrong data-end=\"1461\" data-start=\"1435\"\u003eNew York, July 5, 1786\u003c\/strong\u003e, stating that \u003cstrong data-end=\"1496\" data-start=\"1476\"\u003e33 30\/90 dollars\u003c\/strong\u003e of the order had been credited to the account of Elijah Farr upon settlement with the United States. It is signed by \u003cstrong data-end=\"1636\" data-start=\"1614\"\u003eJoseph Howell, Jr.\u003c\/strong\u003e, Commissioner of Army Accounts, and \u003cstrong data-end=\"1691\" data-start=\"1673\"\u003eWilliam Pierce\u003c\/strong\u003e, Revolutionary War officer, Constitutional Convention delegate, and Commissioner of Army Accounts.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr data-end=\"1795\" data-start=\"1792\"\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-end=\"1812\" data-start=\"1797\" data-section-id=\"7nab5y\"\u003eDocument Two\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"1835\" data-start=\"1814\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-end=\"1835\" data-start=\"1814\"\u003eSeptember 2, 1783\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"1926\" data-start=\"1837\"\u003eAddressed to \u003cstrong data-end=\"1898\" data-start=\"1850\"\u003eLieut. E. James, 2nd Regiment Light Dragoons\u003c\/strong\u003e, this manuscript instructs:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote data-end=\"2031\" data-start=\"1928\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"2031\" data-start=\"1930\"\u003e\"\u003cem data-end=\"2030\" data-start=\"1931\"\u003ePlease to deliver Maj. Benj. Tallmadge all the public securities you may receive on my account...\u003c\/em\u003e\"\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"2332\" data-start=\"2033\"\u003eThis document specifically identifies \u003cstrong data-end=\"2099\" data-start=\"2071\"\u003eMajor Benjamin Tallmadge\u003c\/strong\u003e and concerns the transfer of \u003cstrong data-end=\"2150\" data-start=\"2129\"\u003epublic securities\u003c\/strong\u003e issued in payment of military service, reflecting the Continental Congress's practice of compensating officers and soldiers with government certificates when specie was unavailable.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"2456\" data-start=\"2334\"\u003eThe receipt below acknowledges payment of the soldier's \u003cstrong data-end=\"2419\" data-start=\"2390\"\u003epay and clothing for 1783\u003c\/strong\u003e and is signed by \u003cstrong data-end=\"2455\" data-start=\"2437\"\u003eJohn Tallmadge\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr data-end=\"2461\" data-start=\"2458\"\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-end=\"2480\" data-start=\"2463\" data-section-id=\"gt3ef8\"\u003eDocument Three\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"2515\" data-start=\"2482\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-end=\"2515\" data-start=\"2482\"\u003eLitchfield – December 7, 1783\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"2675\" data-start=\"2517\"\u003eA payment order signed by \u003cstrong data-end=\"2561\" data-start=\"2543\"\u003eJohn Tallmadge\u003c\/strong\u003e directing that his \u003cstrong data-end=\"2597\" data-start=\"2581\"\u003ewagon bounty\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong data-end=\"2634\" data-start=\"2602\"\u003eclothing deficiency for 1783\u003c\/strong\u003e be paid to \u003cstrong data-end=\"2674\" data-start=\"2646\"\u003eMajor Benjamin Tallmadge\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"2909\" data-start=\"2677\"\u003eOrders concerning wagon bounty and clothing deficiencies are considerably less common than ordinary Revolutionary War pay receipts and provide important evidence of the final accounting process as the Continental Army was disbanded.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr data-end=\"2914\" data-start=\"2911\"\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-end=\"2940\" data-start=\"2916\" data-section-id=\"1353kst\"\u003eHistorical Importance\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"3101\" data-start=\"2942\"\u003eThese manuscripts document the closing chapter of the Revolutionary War through the financial administration of the Continental Army. Collectively they record:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-end=\"3348\" data-start=\"3103\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"3125\" data-start=\"3103\" data-section-id=\"151e16k\"\u003eFinal military wages\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"3149\" data-start=\"3126\" data-section-id=\"1mo1coa\"\u003eWagon bounty payments\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"3182\" data-start=\"3150\" data-section-id=\"n4d2g2\"\u003eClothing deficiency allowances\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"3225\" data-start=\"3183\" data-section-id=\"17jppmu\"\u003ePublic securities issued in lieu of cash\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"3280\" data-start=\"3226\" data-section-id=\"r7cphz\"\u003eAuthorization of payment to Major Benjamin Tallmadge\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"3348\" data-start=\"3281\" data-section-id=\"1nuabl4\"\u003eOfficial federal settlement of Revolutionary War accounts in 1786\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"3637\" data-start=\"3350\"\u003eThe September 2 document explicitly names \u003cstrong data-end=\"3418\" data-start=\"3392\"\u003e\"Maj. Benj. Tallmadge\"\u003c\/strong\u003e and references the \u003cstrong data-end=\"3469\" data-start=\"3438\"\u003e2nd Regiment Light Dragoons\u003c\/strong\u003e, firmly identifying him as \u003cstrong data-end=\"3537\" data-start=\"3497\"\u003eMajor Benjamin Tallmadge (1754–1835)\u003c\/strong\u003e, George Washington's chief intelligence officer and organizer of the legendary \u003cstrong data-end=\"3636\" data-start=\"3617\"\u003eCulper Spy Ring\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"3913\" data-start=\"3639\"\u003eThe accompanying documents demonstrate John Tallmadge's repeated financial dealings with Benjamin Tallmadge during the final months of the war, while the 1786 endorsement illustrates how these claims were ultimately settled by the newly established United States government.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr data-end=\"3918\" data-start=\"3915\"\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-end=\"3932\" data-start=\"3920\" data-section-id=\"hrykuu\"\u003eCondition\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul data-end=\"4232\" data-start=\"3934\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"4032\" data-start=\"3934\" data-section-id=\"kczyt5\"\u003eThree original Revolutionary War manuscripts (one retaining its 1786 endorsement on the reverse)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"4054\" data-start=\"4033\" data-section-id=\"1lis3mv\"\u003eOriginal laid paper\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"4088\" data-start=\"4055\" data-section-id=\"1aspkkz\"\u003eStrong iron-gall ink throughout\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"4119\" data-start=\"4089\" data-section-id=\"80g7bq\"\u003eMultiple original signatures\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"4199\" data-start=\"4120\" data-section-id=\"1jce5k3\"\u003eMinor age toning and edge wear consistent with eighteenth-century manuscripts\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"4232\" data-start=\"4200\" data-section-id=\"1d2miej\"\u003eExcellent overall preservation\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003chr data-end=\"4237\" data-start=\"4234\"\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-end=\"4258\" data-start=\"4239\" data-section-id=\"1h4fgz3\"\u003eCollector Appeal\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"4326\" data-start=\"4260\"\u003eThis is an unusually cohesive Revolutionary War archive combining:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-end=\"4611\" data-start=\"4328\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"4379\" data-start=\"4328\" data-section-id=\"1h8wyq2\"\u003eDirect references to \u003cstrong data-end=\"4379\" data-start=\"4351\"\u003eMajor Benjamin Tallmadge\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"4435\" data-start=\"4380\" data-section-id=\"1dsxoxf\"\u003eDocuments from the \u003cstrong data-end=\"4435\" data-start=\"4401\"\u003e2nd Continental Light Dragoons\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"4484\" data-start=\"4436\" data-section-id=\"wk898\"\u003eRevolutionary War pay and clothing settlements\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"4507\" data-start=\"4485\" data-section-id=\"16jl8cd\"\u003eWagon bounty records\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"4549\" data-start=\"4508\" data-section-id=\"1erhdza\"\u003eEarly United States Treasury accounting\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"4611\" data-start=\"4550\" data-section-id=\"1hof8p6\"\u003eSignatures of \u003cstrong data-end=\"4588\" data-start=\"4566\"\u003eJoseph Howell, Jr.\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong data-end=\"4611\" data-start=\"4593\"\u003eWilliam Pierce\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"4891\" data-start=\"4613\"\u003eUnlike isolated pay receipts, these manuscripts preserve a documented sequence of military payment orders and their subsequent federal settlement, offering a rare glimpse into the financial administration of the Continental Army during the nation's transition from war to peace.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Signature Documents LLC","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":52510754636058,"sku":null,"price":8995.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2221\/0931\/files\/IMG_1521.jpg?v=1784150234"},{"product_id":"1783-1786-revolutionary-war-treasury-payment-order-to-culper-spy-ring-commander-major-benjamin-tallmadge-joseph-howell-jr-william-pierce","title":"1783–1786 Revolutionary War Treasury Payment Order to Culper Spy Ring Commander Major Benjamin Tallmadge – Joseph Howell Jr. – William Pierce","description":"\u003cp data-start=\"3031\" data-end=\"3318\" class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\"\u003eAn original Revolutionary War-era United States Treasury payment order and accounting receipt documenting reimbursement due to \u003cstrong data-start=\"3158\" data-end=\"3186\"\u003eMajor Benjamin Tallmadge\u003c\/strong\u003e, one of the most celebrated officers of the American Revolution and organizer of George Washington's legendary \u003cstrong data-start=\"3298\" data-end=\"3317\"\u003eCulper Spy Ring\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003cspan aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchor\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"3320\" data-end=\"3685\"\u003eThe first document, dated \u003cstrong data-start=\"3346\" data-end=\"3379\"\u003eLitchfield, December 19, 1783\u003c\/strong\u003e, directs payment to the agent of the regiment for Tallmadge's \u003cstrong data-start=\"3442\" data-end=\"3474\"\u003edeficiency of clothing ($83)\u003c\/strong\u003e together with a \u003cstrong data-start=\"3491\" data-end=\"3509\"\u003egratuity ($30)\u003c\/strong\u003e. The accompanying Treasury endorsement dated \u003cstrong data-start=\"3555\" data-end=\"3581\"\u003eNew York, July 5, 1786\u003c\/strong\u003e, records the assignment and crediting of \u003cstrong data-start=\"3623\" data-end=\"3630\"\u003e$33\u003c\/strong\u003e of the order during settlement of government accounts.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"3687\" data-end=\"4061\"\u003eThe manuscripts bear the names of \u003cstrong data-start=\"3721\" data-end=\"3742\"\u003eJoseph Howell Jr.\u003c\/strong\u003e, Revolutionary War Paymaster and later Paymaster General of the United States, together with Continental officer and federal pay official \u003cstrong data-start=\"3881\" data-end=\"3899\"\u003eWilliam Pierce\u003c\/strong\u003e. They represent an excellent example of the financial settlement of Continental Army obligations during the Confederation period following the Revolutionary War.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"4063\" data-end=\"4340\"\u003eBenjamin Tallmadge (1754–1835) served as Washington's chief intelligence officer, organized the famous Culper Spy Ring that operated behind British lines in New York, helped uncover Benedict Arnold's conspiracy, and later served as a United States Congressman from Connecticut.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"4342\" data-end=\"4559\"\u003eA highly desirable Revolutionary War financial document combining military, intelligence, and early federal fiscal history, with exceptional association to one of the Revolution's most important intelligence officers.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"4561\" data-end=\"4918\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"4561\" data-end=\"4570\"\u003eDate:\u003c\/strong\u003e December 19, 1783, with Treasury endorsement July 5, 1786\u003cbr data-start=\"4628\" data-end=\"4631\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"4631\" data-end=\"4641\"\u003ePlace:\u003c\/strong\u003e Litchfield and New York\u003cbr data-start=\"4665\" data-end=\"4668\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"4668\" data-end=\"4682\"\u003eCondition:\u003c\/strong\u003e Very good, with expected folds, light edge wear, minor paper losses at the margins, and strong legible manuscript throughout. An outstanding and historically important survivor from the financial administration of the Continental Army.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Signature Documents LLC","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":52581501567258,"sku":null,"price":1895.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2221\/0931\/files\/IMG_1756.jpg?v=1784981936"},{"product_id":"1791-connecticut-civil-list-payment-order-possible-revolutionary-war-bunker-hill-connection","title":"1791 Connecticut Civil List Payment Order — Possible Revolutionary War \/ Bunker Hill Connection","description":"\u003cp class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOriginal 1791 Connecticut Government Payment Order — New Haven — Medical Treatment of Jeremiah Williams — Possible Bunker Hill Association\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchor\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn exceptional original manuscript \u003cstrong\u003eConnecticut Civil List payment order\u003c\/strong\u003e, dated \u003cstrong\u003eNovember 30, 1791\u003c\/strong\u003e, issued at \u003cstrong\u003eNew Haven, Connecticut\u003c\/strong\u003e, authorizing payment to \u003cstrong\u003eMr. Levi Lewis\u003c\/strong\u003e of \u003cstrong\u003enine shillings and sixpence (£0.9.6)\u003c\/strong\u003e from Civil List tax revenues.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe order specifically states that the money was being allowed to Lewis for \u003cstrong\u003e“Physick to Jeremiah Williams”\u003c\/strong\u003e—an early term for medicines or medical treatment. The document therefore provides a fascinating glimpse into the financial and medical administration of the young State of Connecticut only fifteen years after American independence.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe reverse contains important original governmental endorsements, including \u003cstrong\u003eOrder No. 7405\u003c\/strong\u003e, registration in the \u003cstrong\u003eComptroller's Office on May 17, 1792\u003c\/strong\u003e, and the subsequent notation:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e“Paid by Sheriff Woodward on New Haven Taxes.”\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eA Possible Revolutionary War \/ Bunker Hill Connection\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOf particular interest is the identification of the recipient of the medical treatment as \u003cstrong\u003eJeremiah Williams\u003c\/strong\u003e. Historical genealogical research identifies a \u003cstrong\u003eJeremiah Williams of the Connecticut Williams family as having participated in the Battle of Bunker Hill in 1775\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhile the present document \u003cstrong\u003edoes not by itself establish that the Jeremiah Williams named here was the same man who participated at Bunker Hill\u003c\/strong\u003e, the chronological and Connecticut connection makes this an intriguing possibility worthy of further research.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf the identification is confirmed, this otherwise obscure Civil List payment becomes a direct documentary reference to the later life of a \u003cstrong\u003eRevolutionary War participant\u003c\/strong\u003e, making it substantially more significant to collectors of Revolutionary War and early American material.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe document's original folds, manuscript entries, governmental endorsements, Comptroller registration and tax-payment notation remain intact.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDate:\u003c\/strong\u003e November 30, 1791\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePlace:\u003c\/strong\u003e New Haven, Connecticut\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePayee:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levi Lewis\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFor:\u003c\/strong\u003e “Physick to Jeremiah Williams”\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAmount:\u003c\/strong\u003e £0.9.6\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOrder No.:\u003c\/strong\u003e 7405\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRegistered:\u003c\/strong\u003e Connecticut Comptroller's Office, May 17, 1792\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePaid:\u003c\/strong\u003e By Sheriff Woodward on New Haven taxes\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCondition:\u003c\/strong\u003e Good original condition, with expected age toning, folds, minor staining and edge wear.\u003cspan role=\"text\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eA particularly intriguing early Connecticut governmental document with a possible connection to a Revolutionary War veteran of the Battle of Bunker Hill. Further research into the identity of Jeremiah Williams may establish an even more significant historical association.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Signature Documents LLC","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":52702944166170,"sku":null,"price":395.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2221\/0931\/files\/IMG_2125.jpg?v=1786832108"},{"product_id":"1789-connecticut-state-treasury-certificate-no-1-signed-by-eli-colt-of-east-windsor-early-american-state-finance-possible-colt-family-association","title":"1789 Connecticut State Treasury Certificate — No. 1 — Signed by Eli Colt of East Windsor — Early American State Finance \u0026 Possible Colt Family Association","description":"\u003cp class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\"\u003eAn exceptionally early \u003cstrong\u003e1789 State of Connecticut Treasury certificate\u003c\/strong\u003e, identified as \u003cstrong\u003eNumber 1\u003c\/strong\u003e, documenting a debt of the State of Connecticut to \u003cstrong\u003eEli Colt of East Windsor\u003c\/strong\u003e for \u003cstrong\u003eTwenty Pounds, Sixteen Shillings lawful money\u003c\/strong\u003e. Issued from the \u003cstrong\u003eTreasury Office in November 1789\u003c\/strong\u003e, the certificate promises repayment at \u003cstrong\u003e6% annual interest\u003c\/strong\u003e, with payment due in November 1792.\u003cspan class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchor\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe document is an excellent survivor from the formative years of the new American republic, when individual states were issuing interest-bearing obligations to finance their governments and honor outstanding debts. It bears the original manuscript entries and signatures, including the large signature of the Connecticut Treasurer, and retains its original period paper, folds, manuscript endorsements, and cancellation hole.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e\u003cspan role=\"text\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePossible Colt Family Connection\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOf particular interest is the identification of the original holder as \u003cstrong\u003e“Eli Colt of East Windsor.”\u003c\/strong\u003e East Windsor and the surrounding Windsor area were important early centers of the historic \u003cstrong\u003eConnecticut Colt family\u003c\/strong\u003e. Genealogical sources trace the Colt family in Connecticut back to the 17th century, including members living in Windsor. \u003cspan class=\"contents\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe later \u003cstrong\u003eSamuel Colt (1814–1862)\u003c\/strong\u003e, inventor and founder of Colt's Patent Fire-Arms Manufacturing Company, was descended from this early Connecticut Colt family. Samuel Colt's father was Christopher Colt, and genealogical sources place Christopher in the established Connecticut Colt lineage. \u003cspan class=\"contents\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e The National Park Service documents Samuel Colt's later importance as the founder of the Colt firearms enterprise in Hartford. \u003cspan class=\"contents\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThe precise genealogical relationship between the Eli Colt named on this 1789 certificate and Samuel Colt has not been conclusively established and should not be represented as proven.\u003c\/strong\u003e Nevertheless, the combination of the \u003cstrong\u003eColt surname, East Windsor identification, and 1789 date\u003c\/strong\u003e makes this an especially intriguing piece for collectors of Connecticut history and Colt family material.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eHistorical Significance\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe certificate predates Samuel Colt by approximately \u003cstrong\u003e25 years\u003c\/strong\u003e and dates to only \u003cstrong\u003e13 years after the Declaration of Independence\u003c\/strong\u003e. It is therefore an unusually early piece of original Connecticut financial history. The \u003cstrong\u003e“No. 1”\u003c\/strong\u003e designation is particularly noteworthy and should be emphasized in the title and description.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCondition:\u003c\/strong\u003e Original, with expected age toning, folds, light staining and handling wear. A circular cancellation hole is present, consistent with the document's later administrative use. Despite its condition issues, the manuscript remains highly legible and retains its important original signatures and endorsements.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eApproximate size:\u003c\/strong\u003e 7½ × 4½ inches (verify exact measurements before listing).\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Signature Documents LLC","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":52707709616410,"sku":null,"price":495.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2221\/0931\/files\/IMG_2221.jpg?v=1786982898"},{"product_id":"1778-revolutionary-war-payment-order-john-lawrence-connecticut-treasurer-major-thomas-bull","title":"1778 REVOLUTIONARY WAR PAYMENT ORDER — JOHN LAWRENCE, CONNECTICUT TREASURER — MAJOR THOMAS BULL","description":"\u003cp class=\"isSelectedEnd\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan\u003eHartford, Connecticut — February 18, 1778\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"isSelectedEnd\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eAn important original Revolutionary War financial document, being a \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan\u003emanuscript payment order and receipt signed by John Lawrence, Treasurer of Connecticut, directing payment to Major Thomas Bull\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"isSelectedEnd\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGood condition. 1 inch tear bottom left.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"isSelectedEnd\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThe document authorizes payment of approximately \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e£31 16s. 4d. in Massachusetts State money\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e to \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan\u003eMajor Thomas Bull\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e, with the date \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan\u003eHartford, February 18, 1778\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e. The reverse is docketed \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e“Order Major Tho. Bull”\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e and bears the contemporary receipt notation and Lawrence's signature.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"isSelectedEnd\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan\u003eJohn Lawrence (1719–1802)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e was one of Connecticut's most important financial officials during the American Revolution. He served as Treasurer of the Colony and subsequently the State of Connecticut from \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e1769 through 1789\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e, overseeing the state's finances during the Revolutionary period and serving as commissioner of loans for the United States. Surviving Revolutionary War payment orders bearing his signature are highly desirable examples of early American financial and governmental history.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"isSelectedEnd\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThe recipient, \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan\u003eMajor Thomas Bull (1728–1804) of Woodbury, Connecticut\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e, was a Revolutionary War officer and commander of Connecticut's \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e5th Regiment of Light Horse\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e. Contemporary and later historical accounts document his command of the regiment during the war.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"isSelectedEnd\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThis document therefore provides a direct connection between \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan\u003eConnecticut's Revolutionary War treasury and one of the state's military officers\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"isSelectedEnd\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThe surviving reverse docketing further enhances the piece by documenting the transaction and identifying it specifically as an order for Major Thomas Bull.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"isSelectedEnd\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan\u003eHistorical significance:\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e Revolutionary War \/ Connecticut \/ Military Finance \/ Major Thomas Bull \/ John Lawrence \/ Hartford.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"isSelectedEnd\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan\u003eDate:\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e February 18, 1778\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan\u003ePlace:\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e Hartford, Connecticut\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan\u003eAmount:\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e Approximately £31 16s. 4d.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan\u003ePayee:\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e Major Thomas Bull\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan\u003eTreasurer:\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e John Lawrence\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan\u003eType:\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e Original manuscript payment order and receipt\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCondition:\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e Original period paper with expected folds, toning, and age-related wear; manuscript remains strong and legible.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eA particularly desirable piece for collectors of \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan\u003eRevolutionary War documents, Connecticut history, American finance, military history, and important early American autographs\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Signature Documents LLC","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":52708250911002,"sku":null,"price":625.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2221\/0931\/files\/IMG_2226.jpg?v=1786998163"},{"product_id":"1779-massachusetts-bay-revolutionary-war-ten-pound-treasury-note-signed-by-henry-gardner-william-cooper-and-nathaniel-appleton","title":"1779 Massachusetts-Bay Revolutionary War Ten-Pound Treasury Note — Signed by Henry Gardner, William Cooper and Nathaniel Appleton","description":"\u003cp class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\"\u003eOriginal Revolutionary War–era interest-bearing treasury note issued by the State of Massachusetts-Bay on January 15, 1779. Numbered 7303 and issued in the substantial amount of ten pounds, the note obligated the Commonwealth to repay its bearer in December 1780, together with annual interest of six percent.\u003cspan class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchor\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe document bears the manuscript signature of \u003cstrong\u003eHenry Gardner\u003c\/strong\u003e, Massachusetts treasurer during the Revolution, along with the signatures of committee members \u003cstrong\u003eWilliam Cooper\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eNathaniel Appleton\u003c\/strong\u003e. Gardner was appointed treasurer by the Massachusetts Provincial Congress in 1774 and continued as the Commonwealth’s first treasurer under its new constitution. Cooper was a prominent Boston Patriot and the city’s longtime town clerk.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIssued while the Revolutionary War was still being fought, notes of this kind represent the financial machinery that sustained Massachusetts and the American cause. Its elaborate border, composed of ornamental faces, symbols and typographical devices, served both a decorative and anti-counterfeiting purpose.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe note survives in well-used and historically evocative condition, with overall toning, staining, fold separations, edge losses and extensive old tape reinforcement on the reverse. The treasurer’s signature and portions of the obligation appear canceled or marked at the time of redemption. Despite these faults, the printed text, denomination, serial number and all three principal signatures remain visible.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn authentic fiscal document produced and circulated during the struggle for American independence.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Signature Documents LLC","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":52715384406298,"sku":null,"price":395.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2221\/0931\/files\/IMG_2268.jpg?v=1787098227"},{"product_id":"1780-massachusetts-revolutionary-war-lottery-treasury-certificate-rattlesnake-and-pine-tree-signed-by-henry-gardner","title":"1780 Massachusetts Revolutionary War Lottery Treasury Certificate — Rattlesnake and Pine Tree — Signed by Henry Gardner","description":"\u003cp class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\"\u003eOriginal Revolutionary War treasury certificate issued by the \u003cstrong\u003eState of Massachusetts-Bay on February 5, 1780\u003c\/strong\u003e, in connection with the \u003cstrong\u003eMassachusetts State Lottery, Class the Fourth\u003c\/strong\u003e. Numbered 117 and issued for fifteen pounds, it promised repayment by January 1, 1783, with interest at six percent per annum.\u003cspan class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchor\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCataloged as \u003cstrong\u003eAnderson MA-16\u003c\/strong\u003e, the certificate bears the signatures of Massachusetts Treasurer \u003cstrong\u003eHenry Gardner\u003c\/strong\u003e and committee members \u003cstrong\u003eEdward Green\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eS. Soley\/Scollay\u003c\/strong\u003e. Gardner was appointed receiver general and treasurer by the Massachusetts Provincial Congress in 1774 and remained responsible for the Commonwealth’s finances through much of the Revolutionary War.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEspecially appealing is the embossed emblem at upper left depicting a \u003cstrong\u003erattlesnake encircling a pine tree\u003c\/strong\u003e with the patriotic Latin motto \u003cstrong\u003e“Dat Vires Unio”\u003c\/strong\u003e—“Union Gives Strength.” Its elaborate calligraphic title, interlocking denomination border and symbolic Revolutionary imagery make it a particularly decorative example of early American fiscal paper. The elaborate engraved designs are commonly described as being derived from or influenced by Paul Revere’s Massachusetts fiscal designs.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMassachusetts used public lotteries and interest-bearing certificates to raise desperately needed funds during the Revolution. This document therefore represents both an early American financial instrument and a tangible remnant of Massachusetts’ effort to finance the struggle for independence.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe certificate is complete with broad margins and strong printed detail. It displays expected toning, folds, minor edge wear and small ink-corrosion losses around one committee signature. Gardner’s signature is crossed through as an official period cancellation, indicating that the obligation was likely redeemed. Period accounting endorsements remain visible on the reverse.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA handsome and displayable Revolutionary War financial document featuring evocative Massachusetts patriotic symbolism.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Signature Documents LLC","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":52715397415194,"sku":null,"price":395.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2221\/0931\/files\/IMG_2270.jpg?v=1787098550"}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2221\/0931\/collections\/IMG_2270_b8ccf839-88e8-4bec-8c9c-1fb468c4daf3.jpg?v=1787340848","url":"https:\/\/www.thearchiveauthority.com\/collections\/treasury-certificates.oembed","provider":"Signature Documents LLC","version":"1.0","type":"link"}