{"title":"Early Legal Documents","description":"\u003cp\u003eFor more than three centuries, legal documents have recorded the transactions, disputes, and decisions that shaped nations and changed lives. At Signature Documents LLC, we offer an exceptional selection of original deeds, land grants, indentures, court records, military commissions, probate papers, legal opinions, and other historic manuscripts dating from the Colonial era through the nineteenth century. Many bear the original signatures of governors, judges, military officers, presidents, and other notable figures, while others illuminate the everyday lives of ordinary Americans through property transfers, lawsuits, wills, and contracts. Each document is an authentic survivor of its time—a unique artifact that preserves the handwriting, seals, and legal traditions of the past, offering collectors, historians, and institutions the opportunity to own an original piece of history.\u003c\/p\u003e","products":[{"product_id":"1806-virginia-forthcoming-bond-orange-county-court-early-printed-legal-form-execution-against-one-horse","title":"1806 Virginia Forthcoming Bond – Orange County Court – Early Printed Legal Form – Execution Against One Horse","description":"\u003cp data-start=\"3910\" data-end=\"4194\" class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\"\u003eAn original \u003cstrong data-start=\"3922\" data-end=\"3956\"\u003e1806 Virginia forthcoming bond\u003c\/strong\u003e, completed in manuscript for proceedings in the \u003cstrong data-start=\"4005\" data-end=\"4028\"\u003eOrange County Court\u003c\/strong\u003e. This scarce hybrid document combines an early printed legal form with extensive handwritten entries recording an execution proceeding arising from a civil judgment.\u003cspan aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchor\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"4196\" data-end=\"4786\"\u003eThe action involves \u003cstrong data-start=\"4216\" data-end=\"4233\"\u003eCharles Burns\u003c\/strong\u003e as creditor and \u003cstrong data-start=\"4250\" data-end=\"4269\"\u003eWilliam Madison\u003c\/strong\u003e as debtor, with \u003cstrong data-start=\"4286\" data-end=\"4303\"\u003eJames Madison\u003c\/strong\u003e (Not the future President) acting as surety. Following issuance of a writ of execution, the sheriff levied upon the debtor's property—identified in the document as \u003cstrong data-start=\"4441\" data-end=\"4454\"\u003eone horse\u003c\/strong\u003e. Rather than surrender the animal immediately for public sale, the debtor executed this forthcoming bond, guaranteeing that the property would be produced at the appointed time and place of sale. Such bonds formed an important part of Virginia's early judicial process for enforcing judgments. \u003cspan class=\"\" data-state=\"closed\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"4788\" data-end=\"4997\"\u003eThe reverse bears contemporary court docketing identifying the case as \u003cstrong data-start=\"4859\" data-end=\"4894\"\u003e\"Burns against Madison's Bond,\"\u003c\/strong\u003e together with additional clerk's notations documenting subsequent proceedings, notices, and execution.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-section-id=\"1g1owjn\" data-start=\"873\" data-end=\"896\" class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\"\u003eWhat the Document Is\u003cspan aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchor\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"898\" data-end=\"1030\"\u003eThis is a \u003cstrong data-start=\"908\" data-end=\"928\"\u003eforthcoming bond\u003c\/strong\u003e, one of the most common legal devices used in Virginia during the late 18th and early 19th centuries.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1032\" data-end=\"1472\"\u003eAfter the sheriff levied on a debtor's property under a \u003cstrong data-start=\"1088\" data-end=\"1124\"\u003ewrit of capias ad satisfaciendum\u003c\/strong\u003e or execution, the debtor could retain possession of the seized property by posting a bond promising to produce it at the sheriff's sale. If the property was not produced, the bond itself became enforceable. Such execution procedures and forthcoming bonds were a standard part of Virginia practice in this era. \u003cspan class=\"\" data-state=\"closed\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr data-start=\"1474\" data-end=\"1477\"\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-section-id=\"kco8v5\" data-start=\"1479\" data-end=\"1501\"\u003eInteresting Details\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1503\" data-end=\"1531\"\u003eThe manuscript records that:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"1533\" data-end=\"1640\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"ositf0\" data-start=\"1533\" data-end=\"1567\"\u003eCharles Burns obtained judgment.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"157berr\" data-start=\"1568\" data-end=\"1588\"\u003eA writ was issued.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1xqxmo\" data-start=\"1589\" data-end=\"1611\"\u003eProperty was seized.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1kosw8r\" data-start=\"1612\" data-end=\"1640\"\u003eThe property consisted of:\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cblockquote data-start=\"1642\" data-end=\"1659\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1644\" data-end=\"1659\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"1644\" data-end=\"1659\"\u003e\"one horse\"\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1661\" data-end=\"1704\"\u003erather than a plantation or numerous goods.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1706\" data-end=\"1773\"\u003eThe debtor therefore posted a bond to retain possession until sale.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1775\" data-end=\"1864\"\u003eThis offers a fascinating glimpse into everyday debt collection in Jeffersonian Virginia.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"4999\" data-end=\"5229\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"4999\" data-end=\"5013\"\u003eCondition:\u003c\/strong\u003e Good overall, with expected folds, age toning, scattered staining, edge wear, and small losses consistent with more than two centuries of legal use. The printed text and manuscript entries remain legible throughout.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"5231\" data-end=\"5440\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\"\u003eAn appealing and historically significant survival from Virginia's early legal system, offering collectors an authentic glimpse into debt collection, judicial practice, and everyday life in the early Republic.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Signature Documents LLC","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":52491745493274,"sku":null,"price":375.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2221\/0931\/files\/IMG_1463.jpg?v=1784031927"},{"product_id":"rare-17th-century-massachusetts-bay-colony-court-writ-ordering-the-attachment-and-arrest-of-nathaniel-gallop-cambridge-charlestown-early-middlesex-county-manuscript","title":"Rare 1655 Massachusetts Bay Colony Court Writ Ordering the Attachment and Arrest of Nathaniel Gallop – Cambridge \u0026 Charlestown – Early Middlesex County Manuscript","description":"\u003ch2 data-section-id=\"o6w6ft\" data-start=\"2599\" data-end=\"2772\" class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\"\u003e\n\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 0.875rem;\"\u003eAn exceptional original manuscript legal document from the early years of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, directed:\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchor\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cblockquote data-start=\"2889\" data-end=\"2959\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"2891\" data-end=\"2959\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"2891\" data-end=\"2959\"\u003e\"To the Marshall at Cambridge or the Constable of Charlestowne.\"\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"2961\" data-end=\"3252\"\u003eThe writ commands the officer to seize the property of \u003cstrong data-start=\"3016\" data-end=\"3036\"\u003eNathaniel Gallop\u003c\/strong\u003e, or, if insufficient goods can be found, to arrest his person and require security in the substantial sum of \u003cstrong data-start=\"3146\" data-end=\"3178\"\u003eone hundred and fifty pounds\u003c\/strong\u003e, compelling his appearance before the next \u003cstrong data-start=\"3222\" data-end=\"3251\"\u003eCounty Court at Cambridge\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"3254\" data-end=\"3387\"\u003eThe proceeding arises from a complaint brought by \u003cstrong data-start=\"3304\" data-end=\"3321\"\u003eRoger Stevens\u003c\/strong\u003e in an \u003cstrong data-start=\"3328\" data-end=\"3348\"\u003eAction of Review\u003c\/strong\u003e, involving the alleged taking away of:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"3389\" data-end=\"3447\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1ed7ugs\" data-start=\"3389\" data-end=\"3409\"\u003ean English servant\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"yxwvrf\" data-start=\"3410\" data-end=\"3429\"\u003ean Indian servant\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"ljey29\" data-start=\"3430\" data-end=\"3447\"\u003ea Negro servant\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"3449\" data-end=\"3815\"\u003eThe manuscript provides a remarkable glimpse into the operation of colonial justice and the complex labor systems of seventeenth-century New England. Documents explicitly referencing English, Native American, and African laborers within the same legal action are notably scarce and provide valuable evidence of the diverse forms of bound labor present in the colony.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"3817\" data-end=\"4031\"\u003eThe lower section contains the constable's original return, certifying service of the writ and the taking of security, while the reverse bears contemporary docketing identifying the matter against Nathaniel Gallop.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 data-section-id=\"1dr5t50\" data-start=\"4033\" data-end=\"4044\"\u003eDetails\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"4046\" data-end=\"4318\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1brwwfy\" data-start=\"4046\" data-end=\"4081\"\u003eOriginal manuscript on laid paper\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"54k6nw\" data-start=\"4082\" data-end=\"4108\"\u003eMassachusetts Bay Colony\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1sdshr4\" data-start=\"4109\" data-end=\"4139\"\u003eMiddlesex County (Cambridge)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"11nmbqo\" data-start=\"4140\" data-end=\"4175\"\u003eDirected to Charlestown constable\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"lv94iy\" data-start=\"4176\" data-end=\"4224\"\u003eEarly to mid-17th century (likely 1650s–1660s)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1sypa10\" data-start=\"4225\" data-end=\"4248\"\u003eOriginal court return\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"3u77b3\" data-start=\"4249\" data-end=\"4278\"\u003eOriginal docketing on verso\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"h1ug02\" data-start=\"4279\" data-end=\"4318\"\u003eEntirely handwritten in iron-gall ink\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 data-section-id=\"1uef3h1\" data-start=\"4320\" data-end=\"4333\"\u003eCondition\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"4335\" data-end=\"4552\"\u003eOriginal folds, age toning, scattered ink corrosion, several fold separations, edge losses, and archival-worthy wear consistent with a seventeenth-century colonial court document. Fully legible and highly displayable.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 data-section-id=\"1a8qj0\" data-start=\"4554\" data-end=\"4574\"\u003eCollector Appeal\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"4576\" data-end=\"4659\"\u003eThis manuscript combines several collecting categories rarely encountered together:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"4661\" data-end=\"4945\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1q8bqeb\" data-start=\"4661\" data-end=\"4693\"\u003eEarly New England colonial law\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"heu66n\" data-start=\"4694\" data-end=\"4725\"\u003eMassachusetts Bay manuscripts\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"lnkas1\" data-start=\"4726\" data-end=\"4761\"\u003eCambridge and Charlestown history\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"7zt6ea\" data-start=\"4762\" data-end=\"4796\"\u003eNathaniel Gallop family research\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"a259jz\" data-start=\"4797\" data-end=\"4823\"\u003eColonial court procedure\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"14ke0uh\" data-start=\"4824\" data-end=\"4846\"\u003eIndentured servitude\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"18zdy51\" data-start=\"4847\" data-end=\"4872\"\u003eNative American history\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"icc813\" data-start=\"4873\" data-end=\"4905\"\u003eEarly African American history\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"19c6cn6\" data-start=\"4906\" data-end=\"4945\"\u003eSeventeenth-century legal manuscripts\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"4947\" data-end=\"5150\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\"\u003eIt is a significant and visually impressive survivor from the formative decades of English New England, documenting the administration of justice and labor disputes in one of America's earliest colonies.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Signature Documents LLC","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":52502839984410,"sku":null,"price":1695.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2221\/0931\/files\/IMG_1498.jpg?v=1784061748"},{"product_id":"1788-revolutionary-war-era-pennsylvania-bill-of-sale-cumberland-county-carlisle-horses-cattle-sheep-household-goods-embossed-wafer-seal","title":"1788 Revolutionary War-Era Pennsylvania Bill of Sale – Cumberland County, Carlisle – Horses, Cattle, Sheep \u0026 Household Goods – Embossed Wafer Seal","description":"\u003cp data-start=\"3127\" data-end=\"3410\" class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\"\u003eAn original Revolutionary War-era manuscript bill of sale executed in \u003cstrong data-start=\"3197\" data-end=\"3232\"\u003eCumberland County, Pennsylvania\u003c\/strong\u003e, dated \u003cstrong data-start=\"3240\" data-end=\"3258\"\u003eApril 1788\u003c\/strong\u003e conveying livestock and household property from \u003cstrong data-start=\"3308\" data-end=\"3327\"\u003eWilliam Gruston\u003c\/strong\u003e (surname spelling to be verified) to \u003cstrong data-start=\"3365\" data-end=\"3382\"\u003eStephen Frost\u003c\/strong\u003e for valuable consideration.\u003cspan aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchor\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"3412\" data-end=\"3693\"\u003eThe document records the transfer of numerous items of personal property, including \u003cstrong data-start=\"3496\" data-end=\"3597\"\u003ethree horses, two cows, a black calf, seven sheep, two hogs, household furniture, and other goods\u003c\/strong\u003e, illustrating the agricultural economy of frontier Pennsylvania during the American Revolution.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"3695\" data-end=\"4156\"\u003eThe conveyance was formally acknowledged before \u003cstrong data-start=\"3743\" data-end=\"3759\"\u003eWilliam Lyon\u003c\/strong\u003e, Justice of the Court of Common Pleas, and was officially entered into the Cumberland County deed records on \u003cstrong data-start=\"3869\" data-end=\"3884\"\u003eMay 1, 1788\u003c\/strong\u003e, as noted in the recording endorsement on the reverse: \u003cstrong data-start=\"3940\" data-end=\"3970\"\u003eBook H, Volume I, Page 519\u003c\/strong\u003e, in the Borough of Carlisle. Carlisle served as a major military depot and supply center for the Continental Army throughout the Revolutionary War. \u003cspan class=\"\" data-state=\"closed\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"4158\" data-end=\"4366\"\u003eA particularly attractive feature is the \u003cstrong data-start=\"4199\" data-end=\"4237\"\u003eoriginal embossed paper-wafer seal\u003c\/strong\u003e, still intact with its red pigment, a decorative survival seldom encountered on eighteenth-century Pennsylvania legal documents.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"4368\" data-end=\"4685\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"4368\" data-end=\"4377\"\u003eDate:\u003c\/strong\u003e April 1788\u003cbr data-start=\"4392\" data-end=\"4395\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"4395\" data-end=\"4405\"\u003ePlace:\u003c\/strong\u003e Cumberland County (Carlisle), Pennsylvania\u003cbr data-start=\"4448\" data-end=\"4451\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"4451\" data-end=\"4469\"\u003eDocument Type:\u003c\/strong\u003e Revolutionary War-era Bill of Sale (Chattel Deed)\u003cbr data-start=\"4519\" data-end=\"4522\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"4522\" data-end=\"4535\"\u003eRecorded:\u003c\/strong\u003e May 1, 1788, Book H, Vol. I, p. 519\u003cbr data-start=\"4571\" data-end=\"4574\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"4574\" data-end=\"4588\"\u003eCondition:\u003c\/strong\u003e Very good, with original folds, excellent manuscript quality, and an intact embossed wafer seal.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"4687\" data-end=\"4908\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\"\u003eAn outstanding original Revolutionary-period legal manuscript with excellent visual appeal, ideal for collectors of colonial Pennsylvania, Revolutionary War history, early American law, and eighteenth-century manuscripts.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Signature Documents LLC","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":52577389707546,"sku":null,"price":325.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2221\/0931\/files\/IMG_1718.jpg?v=1784842372"},{"product_id":"1803-philadelphia-sheriffs-deed-signed-by-israel-israel-high-sheriff-of-philadelphia-judicial-sale-germantown-property-large-folio-manuscript","title":"1803 Philadelphia Sheriff's Deed Signed by Israel Israel – High Sheriff of Philadelphia – Judicial Sale – Germantown Property – Large Folio Manuscript","description":"\u003cp data-start=\"3140\" data-end=\"3666\" class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\"\u003eAn outstanding original \u003cstrong data-start=\"3164\" data-end=\"3195\"\u003ePhiladelphia Sheriff's Deed\u003c\/strong\u003e executed on \u003cstrong data-start=\"3208\" data-end=\"3225\"\u003eJune 23, 1803\u003c\/strong\u003e, by \u003cstrong data-start=\"3230\" data-end=\"3247\"\u003eIsrael Israel\u003c\/strong\u003e, High Sheriff of the City and County of Philadelphia, one of the earliest Jewish Americans to hold high public office in Pennsylvania. This impressive legal manuscript records the judicial sale of valuable Germantown real estate following execution on a debt of approximately \u003cstrong data-start=\"3524\" data-end=\"3534\"\u003e$5,000\u003c\/strong\u003e, naming merchant \u003cstrong data-start=\"3552\" data-end=\"3568\"\u003eJohn Dubarry\u003c\/strong\u003e as purchaser and conveying property formerly owned by \u003cstrong data-start=\"3623\" data-end=\"3641\"\u003eClaude Grimaud\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong data-start=\"3646\" data-end=\"3665\"\u003eFloriano Millet\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003cspan aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchor\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"3668\" data-end=\"4109\"\u003eElegantly penned in a large professional legal hand on laid paper, the deed contains a lengthy description of the property, the legal proceedings authorizing the sheriff's sale, and the formal conveyance of title. It bears Israel Israel's bold autograph signature, the original red wax sheriff's seal, embossed paper seal, court acknowledgment dated \u003cstrong data-start=\"4018\" data-end=\"4035\"\u003eJune 29, 1803\u003c\/strong\u003e, and recording certification from the Philadelphia Court of Common Pleas.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"4111\" data-end=\"4491\"\u003eDocuments signed by Israel Israel are sought after by collectors of early American legal history, Pennsylvania state history, Philadelphia ephemera, and Jewish Americana. Combining exceptional visual appeal, historical significance, and excellent state of preservation, this large-format sheriff's deed is an outstanding artifact from the formative years of the American Republic.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"4493\" data-end=\"4809\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"4493\" data-end=\"4507\"\u003eCondition:\u003c\/strong\u003e Large folio with original folds, light age toning, and minor edge wear. Original red wax and embossed paper seals remain attached. Ink is exceptionally dark and legible throughout, making this an impressive display piece and an excellent addition to advanced collections of early American manuscripts.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 data-section-id=\"1qct557\" data-start=\"211\" data-end=\"231\" class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\"\u003eDocument Details\u003cspan aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchor\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"233\" data-end=\"798\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1e9y4pn\" data-start=\"233\" data-end=\"284\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong data-start=\"235\" data-end=\"253\"\u003eDocument Type:\u003c\/strong\u003e Sheriff's Deed (Judicial Sale)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"cs6jdz\" data-start=\"285\" data-end=\"350\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong data-start=\"287\" data-end=\"304\"\u003eJurisdiction:\u003c\/strong\u003e City and County of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"z5poge\" data-start=\"351\" data-end=\"389\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong data-start=\"353\" data-end=\"371\"\u003eDate Executed:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cstrong data-start=\"372\" data-end=\"389\"\u003eJune 23, 1803\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1pxkcyv\" data-start=\"390\" data-end=\"436\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong data-start=\"392\" data-end=\"418\"\u003eAcknowledged in Court:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cstrong data-start=\"419\" data-end=\"436\"\u003eJune 29, 1803\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1gfydiw\" data-start=\"437\" data-end=\"742\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong data-start=\"439\" data-end=\"451\"\u003eSheriff:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cstrong data-start=\"452\" data-end=\"481\"\u003eIsrael Israel (1746–1822)\u003c\/strong\u003e, elected High Sheriff of Philadelphia in 1800 and a prominent Pennsylvania public official. He also served in the Pennsylvania Senate and is regarded as one of the earliest Jewish public officeholders in the United States. \u003cspan class=\"\" data-state=\"closed\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"zksgte\" data-start=\"743\" data-end=\"798\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong data-start=\"745\" data-end=\"758\"\u003eRecorded:\u003c\/strong\u003e Common Pleas Court, Philadelphia, 1803.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-section-id=\"1c7c49r\" data-start=\"800\" data-end=\"811\"\u003eContents\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"813\" data-end=\"885\"\u003eThe deed records a \u003cstrong data-start=\"832\" data-end=\"884\"\u003ejudicial sale resulting from execution on a debt\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"887\" data-end=\"907\"\u003eFrom the manuscript:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"909\" data-end=\"1239\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1de0hel\" data-start=\"909\" data-end=\"938\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong data-start=\"911\" data-end=\"925\"\u003ePlaintiff:\u003c\/strong\u003e John Dubarry\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"17ev5qc\" data-start=\"939\" data-end=\"1004\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong data-start=\"941\" data-end=\"956\"\u003eDefendants:\u003c\/strong\u003e Claude Grimaud and Floriano (or Florian) Millet\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1caryfn\" data-start=\"1005\" data-end=\"1052\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong data-start=\"1007\" data-end=\"1027\"\u003eAmount involved:\u003c\/strong\u003e Approximately \u003cstrong data-start=\"1042\" data-end=\"1052\"\u003e$5,000\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"9zwpmn\" data-start=\"1053\" data-end=\"1148\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong data-start=\"1055\" data-end=\"1068\"\u003eProperty:\u003c\/strong\u003e Multiple lots and improvements in \u003cstrong data-start=\"1103\" data-end=\"1126\"\u003eGermantown Township\u003c\/strong\u003e, Philadelphia County.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"ax5zsn\" data-start=\"1149\" data-end=\"1239\"\u003eThe Sheriff conveys the property after public sale held pursuant to a writ of execution.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1241\" data-end=\"1258\"\u003eThe deed retains:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"1260\" data-end=\"1437\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"mr0fh1\" data-start=\"1260\" data-end=\"1300\"\u003eOriginal large red wax sheriff's seal.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1769aom\" data-start=\"1301\" data-end=\"1332\"\u003eOriginal embossed paper seal.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1fbijug\" data-start=\"1333\" data-end=\"1364\"\u003eMultiple original signatures.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1tvj8vy\" data-start=\"1365\" data-end=\"1388\"\u003eCourt acknowledgment.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"fnlbir\" data-start=\"1389\" data-end=\"1415\"\u003eRecording certification.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"zuqzqz\" data-start=\"1416\" data-end=\"1437\"\u003eLarge folio format.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-section-id=\"1353kst\" data-start=\"1439\" data-end=\"1463\"\u003eHistorical Importance\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1465\" data-end=\"1500\"\u003eThis is more than an ordinary deed.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1502\" data-end=\"1753\"\u003eSheriff's deeds document the legal enforcement of debts in the early Republic and often preserve detailed descriptions of eighteenth-century Philadelphia real estate that no longer exists. They are considerably less common than ordinary private deeds.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1755\" data-end=\"1835\"\u003eThe signature of \u003cstrong data-start=\"1772\" data-end=\"1789\"\u003eIsrael Israel\u003c\/strong\u003e adds significant historical interest. He was:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"1836\" data-end=\"2100\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1twf96a\" data-start=\"1836\" data-end=\"1869\"\u003eRevolutionary War-era merchant.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"g7rumb\" data-start=\"1870\" data-end=\"1899\"\u003ePennsylvania State Senator.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1ssgl90\" data-start=\"1900\" data-end=\"1943\"\u003eHigh Sheriff of Philadelphia (1800–1803).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"17l7yki\" data-start=\"1944\" data-end=\"1982\"\u003eGrand Master of Pennsylvania Masons.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"y6t323\" data-start=\"1983\" data-end=\"2100\"\u003eOne of the earliest Americans of Jewish ancestry to hold major public office. \u003cspan class=\"\" data-state=\"closed\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-section-id=\"hrykuu\" data-start=\"2102\" data-end=\"2114\"\u003eCondition\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"2116\" data-end=\"2177\"\u003eVery Good for an early nineteenth-century judicial parchment.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"2179\" data-end=\"2410\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"19lz334\" data-start=\"2179\" data-end=\"2204\"\u003eLarge folio manuscript.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1lh9no9\" data-start=\"2205\" data-end=\"2233\"\u003eStrong dark iron gall ink.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1glk40s\" data-start=\"2234\" data-end=\"2258\"\u003eExcellent calligraphy.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"xo9uip\" data-start=\"2259\" data-end=\"2287\"\u003eOriginal wax seal present.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1gxl0q\" data-start=\"2288\" data-end=\"2317\"\u003eEmbossed paper seal intact.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1u47iha\" data-start=\"2318\" data-end=\"2334\"\u003eTypical folds.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"3l9hv\" data-start=\"2335\" data-end=\"2370\"\u003eMinor edge wear and light toning.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"ea3y6h\" data-start=\"2371\" data-end=\"2410\"\u003eOverall excellent display appearance.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Signature Documents LLC","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":52580284989722,"sku":null,"price":1295.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2221\/0931\/files\/IMG_1768.jpg?v=1784997420"},{"product_id":"rare-1802-tennessee-court-manuscript-joseph-h-miller-v-robert-j-nelson-montgomery-county-court-of-pleas-quarter-sessions-complete-7-page-case-file","title":"Rare 1802 Tennessee Court Manuscript – Joseph H. Miller v. Robert J. Nelson – Montgomery County Court of Pleas \u0026 Quarter Sessions – Complete 7-Page Case File","description":"\u003cp data-start=\"3231\" data-end=\"3465\" class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\"\u003eAn exceptional original frontier Tennessee court manuscript dating to \u003cstrong data-start=\"3301\" data-end=\"3309\"\u003e1802\u003c\/strong\u003e, documenting the civil case of \u003cstrong data-start=\"3341\" data-end=\"3381\"\u003eJoseph H. Miller v. Robert J. Nelson\u003c\/strong\u003e before the \u003cstrong data-start=\"3393\" data-end=\"3464\"\u003eCourt of Pleas and Quarter Sessions of Montgomery County, Tennessee\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003cspan aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchor\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"3467\" data-end=\"3926\"\u003eComprising approximately seven handwritten folio pages, the file preserves nearly every stage of the litigation, including the original writ, declaration, bond, sheriff's return, endorsements, jury proceedings, verdict, motion for a new trial, cost bill, and the clerk's certified transcript. The case concerns the recovery of a \u003cstrong data-start=\"3796\" data-end=\"3826\"\u003e$230 promissory obligation\u003c\/strong\u003e, with the jury ultimately finding in favor of the plaintiff and awarding both the debt and damages.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"3928\" data-end=\"4360\"\u003eThe concluding certification is signed by \u003cstrong data-start=\"3970\" data-end=\"3990\"\u003eJoseph B. Porter\u003c\/strong\u003e, Clerk of the Court of Pleas and Quarter Sessions, affirming that the manuscript is a true transcript of the case. Written only six years after Tennessee entered the Union, the document provides a fascinating glimpse into the administration of justice on the early American frontier and preserves the names of numerous jurors, attorneys, court officials, and litigants.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"4362\" data-end=\"4556\"\u003eThe manuscript remains in very good condition with strong, legible script throughout, expected folds, light edge wear, and minor paper loss at one corner that does not affect the principal text.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"4558\" data-end=\"4759\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\"\u003eAn outstanding early Tennessee legal archive and an important artifact of frontier jurisprudence, ideal for collectors of early American manuscripts, Tennessee history, genealogy, and judicial records.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"\" data-turn-id-container=\"ed7a8db6-0654-4e98-9549-d5433584cb7d\" data-is-intersecting=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csection class=\"text-token-text-primary w-full focus:outline-none has-data-writing-block:pointer-events-none [\u0026amp;:has([data-writing-block])\u0026gt;*]:pointer-events-auto R6Vx5W_threadScrollVars scroll-mb-[calc(var(--scroll-root-safe-area-inset-bottom,0px)+var(--thread-response-height))] scroll-mt-(--sticky-padding-top)\" dir=\"auto\" data-turn-id=\"ed7a8db6-0654-4e98-9549-d5433584cb7d\" data-turn-id-container=\"ed7a8db6-0654-4e98-9549-d5433584cb7d\" data-testid=\"conversation-turn-3\" data-turn=\"user\"\u003e\u003c\/section\u003e\n\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-WEB:7dffbfcf-9e2d-44f1-b28d-2a0c9c41a962-1\" data-is-intersecting=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csection class=\"text-token-text-primary w-full focus:outline-none has-data-writing-block:pointer-events-none [\u0026amp;:has([data-writing-block])\u0026gt;*]:pointer-events-auto R6Vx5W_threadScrollVars scroll-mb-[calc(var(--scroll-root-safe-area-inset-bottom,0px)+var(--thread-response-height))] scroll-mt-[calc(var(--header-height)+min(200px,max(70px,20svh)))]\" dir=\"auto\" data-turn-id=\"request-WEB:7dffbfcf-9e2d-44f1-b28d-2a0c9c41a962-1\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-WEB:7dffbfcf-9e2d-44f1-b28d-2a0c9c41a962-1\" data-testid=\"conversation-turn-4\" data-turn=\"assistant\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"text-base my-auto mx-auto pb-8 [--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-xs,calc(var(--spacing)*4))] @w-sm\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-sm,calc(var(--spacing)*6))] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-lg,calc(var(--spacing)*16))] px-(--thread-content-margin)\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv data-conversation-screenshot-content=\"\" class=\"[--thread-content-max-width:40rem] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-max-width:48rem] mx-auto max-w-(--thread-content-max-width) flex-1 group\/turn-messages focus-visible:outline-hidden relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col agent-turn\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"flex max-w-full flex-col gap-4 grow\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv data-message-author-role=\"assistant\" data-message-id=\"f745c2e3-7a68-4ddc-90bd-943b05f705f2\" data-turn-start-message=\"true\" dir=\"auto\" data-message-model-slug=\"gpt-5-5\" class=\"min-h-8 text-message relative flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 text-start break-words whitespace-normal outline-none keyboard-focused:focus-ring [.text-message+\u0026amp;]:mt-1\" tabindex=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown prose dark:prose-invert wrap-break-word w-full light markdown-new-styling\"\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-section-id=\"1v3nf9r\" data-start=\"0\" data-end=\"17\"\u003eIdentification\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"19\" data-end=\"340\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"19\" data-end=\"82\"\u003eEarly Tennessee Court of Pleas \u0026amp; Quarter Sessions Case File\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr data-start=\"82\" data-end=\"85\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"85\" data-end=\"94\"\u003eCase:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cem data-start=\"95\" data-end=\"133\"\u003eJoseph H. Miller v. Robert J. Nelson\u003c\/em\u003e\u003cbr data-start=\"133\" data-end=\"136\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"136\" data-end=\"146\"\u003eCourt:\u003c\/strong\u003e Court of Pleas and Quarter Sessions, Montgomery County, Tennessee\u003cbr data-start=\"212\" data-end=\"215\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"215\" data-end=\"224\"\u003eDate:\u003c\/strong\u003e 1802 (primarily April–October 1802)\u003cbr data-start=\"260\" data-end=\"263\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"263\" data-end=\"274\"\u003eLength:\u003c\/strong\u003e Approximately 7 manuscript folio pages, handwritten on laid paper\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"342\" data-end=\"545\"\u003eThis is an original territorial\/early statehood Tennessee court case file documenting a civil action brought by \u003cstrong data-start=\"454\" data-end=\"474\"\u003eJoseph H. Miller\u003c\/strong\u003e against \u003cstrong data-start=\"483\" data-end=\"503\"\u003eRobert J. Nelson\u003c\/strong\u003e over the collection of a promissory note.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"547\" data-end=\"595\"\u003eThe final page contains a clerk's certification:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote data-start=\"597\" data-end=\"676\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"599\" data-end=\"676\"\u003e\"...a true transcript of the suit of Joseph H. Miller vs Robert J. Nelson...\"\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"678\" data-end=\"819\"\u003esigned by \u003cstrong data-start=\"688\" data-end=\"708\"\u003eJoseph B. Porter\u003c\/strong\u003e, Clerk of the Court of Pleas and Quarter Sessions for Montgomery County. \u003cspan class=\"\" data-state=\"closed\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr data-start=\"821\" data-end=\"824\"\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-section-id=\"1c7c49r\" data-start=\"826\" data-end=\"837\"\u003eContents\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"839\" data-end=\"857\"\u003eThe file includes:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"859\" data-end=\"1162\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"14r55w0\" data-start=\"859\" data-end=\"897\"\u003eOriginal writ issued April 29, 1802.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"ixcdel\" data-start=\"898\" data-end=\"917\"\u003eSheriff's return.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1h5y44h\" data-start=\"918\" data-end=\"955\"\u003eDeclaration filed by the plaintiff.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"3jo6a7\" data-start=\"956\" data-end=\"992\"\u003eObligation (bond) and endorsement.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1xmnvda\" data-start=\"993\" data-end=\"1017\"\u003eDefendant's pleadings.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"czg489\" data-start=\"1018\" data-end=\"1043\"\u003eJury trial proceedings.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"vfwmq1\" data-start=\"1044\" data-end=\"1059\"\u003eJury verdict.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"156uuak\" data-start=\"1060\" data-end=\"1085\"\u003eMotion for a new trial.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1ews6j3\" data-start=\"1086\" data-end=\"1128\"\u003eClerk's certification of the transcript.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"onr3jp\" data-start=\"1129\" data-end=\"1162\"\u003eCost bill and filing notations.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003chr data-start=\"1164\" data-end=\"1167\"\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-section-id=\"1wk9puf\" data-start=\"1169\" data-end=\"1193\"\u003eHistorical Background\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1195\" data-end=\"1246\"\u003eThe lawsuit concerns an unpaid \u003cstrong data-start=\"1226\" data-end=\"1245\"\u003e$230 obligation\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1248\" data-end=\"1275\"\u003eAccording to the pleadings:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"1277\" data-end=\"1511\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"ofyq1x\" data-start=\"1277\" data-end=\"1318\"\u003eGeorge Campbell executed an obligation.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1sja1jm\" data-start=\"1319\" data-end=\"1369\"\u003eRobert J. Nelson endorsed or guaranteed payment.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1hblbye\" data-start=\"1370\" data-end=\"1443\"\u003eJoseph H. Miller sought to recover the debt after payment was not made.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"q8kt1e\" data-start=\"1444\" data-end=\"1511\"\u003eThe jury ultimately found for the plaintiff and assessed damages.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1513\" data-end=\"1531\"\u003eThe court awarded:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"1533\" data-end=\"1594\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1gnh11m\" data-start=\"1533\" data-end=\"1548\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"1535\" data-end=\"1548\"\u003e$230 debt\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"hkgmus\" data-start=\"1549\" data-end=\"1580\"\u003eapproximately \u003cstrong data-start=\"1565\" data-end=\"1580\"\u003e$50 damages\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"hgignj\" data-start=\"1581\" data-end=\"1594\"\u003ecourt costs\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1596\" data-end=\"1679\"\u003eThe reverse endorsements show the suit progressed from spring through October 1802.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr data-start=\"1681\" data-end=\"1684\"\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-section-id=\"1353kst\" data-start=\"1686\" data-end=\"1710\"\u003eHistorical Importance\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1712\" data-end=\"1766\"\u003eThis is a remarkably early Tennessee legal manuscript.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1768\" data-end=\"1795\"\u003eImportant features include:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"1797\" data-end=\"2197\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1e1v2xq\" data-start=\"1797\" data-end=\"1856\"\u003eOnly six years after Tennessee achieved statehood (1796).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"hgx782\" data-start=\"1857\" data-end=\"1926\"\u003eMontgomery County was among Tennessee's earliest frontier counties.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"tub7sy\" data-start=\"1927\" data-end=\"2053\"\u003eCourt of Pleas \u0026amp; Quarter Sessions records from this era are considerably scarcer than later nineteenth-century court papers.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"ae6i3s\" data-start=\"2054\" data-end=\"2148\"\u003eComplete multi-page case files survive far less frequently than isolated writs or summonses.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"9skg8i\" data-start=\"2149\" data-end=\"2197\"\u003eExcellent example of frontier legal procedure.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"2199\" data-end=\"2317\"\u003eThe numerous endorsements, signatures, and jury panel make it especially useful for genealogical and legal historians.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr data-start=\"2319\" data-end=\"2322\"\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-section-id=\"hrykuu\" data-start=\"2324\" data-end=\"2336\"\u003eCondition\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"2338\" data-end=\"2393\"\u003eOverall \u003cstrong data-start=\"2346\" data-end=\"2359\"\u003eVery Good\u003c\/strong\u003e for an 1802 Tennessee manuscript.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"2395\" data-end=\"2628\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1yctx0d\" data-start=\"2395\" data-end=\"2416\"\u003eComplete case file.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1hpn75g\" data-start=\"2417\" data-end=\"2445\"\u003eStrong dark iron-gall ink.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1rckx5g\" data-start=\"2446\" data-end=\"2475\"\u003eGood legibility throughout.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"iwuwyk\" data-start=\"2476\" data-end=\"2496\"\u003eTypical fold wear.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1xvdo07\" data-start=\"2497\" data-end=\"2517\"\u003eMinor edge losses.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1hh5p84\" data-start=\"2518\" data-end=\"2569\"\u003eSmall loss at lower corner of certification leaf.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"vks30q\" data-start=\"2570\" data-end=\"2628\"\u003eNo significant text loss affecting the body of the case.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/section\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"Signature Documents LLC","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":52597781430554,"sku":null,"price":625.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2221\/0931\/files\/IMG_1851.jpg?v=1785237357"},{"product_id":"1825-virginia-chancery-appeal-bond-superior-court-of-chancery-fredericksburg-henry-lee-daniel-carmichael-westmoreland-county","title":"1825 Virginia Chancery Appeal Bond – Superior Court of Chancery, Fredericksburg – Henry Lee \u0026 Daniel Carmichael – Westmoreland County","description":"\u003cdiv class=\"flex max-w-full flex-col gap-4 grow\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv data-message-author-role=\"assistant\" data-message-id=\"4be9756d-7202-4cd6-8961-8ed15cfb82df\" dir=\"auto\" data-message-model-slug=\"gpt-5-5\" class=\"min-h-8 text-message relative flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 text-start break-words whitespace-normal outline-none keyboard-focused:focus-ring [.text-message+\u0026amp;]:mt-1\" data-turn-start-message=\"true\" tabindex=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown prose dark:prose-invert wrap-break-word w-full light markdown-new-styling\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"2797\" data-end=\"2959\" class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\"\u003eAn original \u003cstrong data-start=\"2809\" data-end=\"2842\"\u003eVirginia Chancery Appeal Bond\u003c\/strong\u003e executed in \u003cstrong data-start=\"2855\" data-end=\"2868\"\u003eJuly 1825\u003c\/strong\u003e in connection with litigation before the \u003cstrong data-start=\"2910\" data-end=\"2958\"\u003eSuperior Court of Chancery at Fredericksburg\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003cspan aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchor\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"2961\" data-end=\"3400\"\u003eThe printed legal form, completed entirely in manuscript, records the appeal of \u003cstrong data-start=\"3041\" data-end=\"3069\"\u003eHenry Lee and Ann R. Lee\u003c\/strong\u003e from a chancery decree rendered on \u003cstrong data-start=\"3105\" data-end=\"3122\"\u003eJune 15, 1825\u003c\/strong\u003e, in a suit involving \u003cstrong data-start=\"3144\" data-end=\"3221\"\u003eRichard Stuart, Elizabeth McCarty, William S. Jett, and McKenzie Beverley\u003c\/strong\u003e. Henry Lee and \u003cstrong data-start=\"3237\" data-end=\"3258\"\u003eDaniel Carmichael\u003c\/strong\u003e, acting as surety, entered into a bond in the penal sum of \u003cstrong data-start=\"3318\" data-end=\"3326\"\u003e$200\u003c\/strong\u003e, guaranteeing payment of costs and damages should the decree be affirmed.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"3402\" data-end=\"3811\"\u003eThe reverse contains contemporary affidavits and acknowledgments executed in \u003cstrong data-start=\"3479\" data-end=\"3512\"\u003eWestmoreland County, Virginia\u003c\/strong\u003e, on \u003cstrong data-start=\"3517\" data-end=\"3534\"\u003eJuly 26, 1825\u003c\/strong\u003e, certifying the financial sufficiency of the surety and the proper execution of the bond. The document features multiple original signatures, printed seal devices, period docketing, and the attractive typography characteristic of early nineteenth-century Virginia legal forms.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"3813\" data-end=\"4148\"\u003ePresented in very good condition with expected filing folds, light age toning, and strong manuscript entries, this is an appealing example of an early Virginia equity court record. It will interest collectors of Virginia legal history, Westmoreland County records, chancery litigation, genealogy, and early American judicial documents.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"4150\" data-end=\"4506\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"4150\" data-end=\"4168\"\u003eResearch Note:\u003c\/strong\u003e Because the principal appellant is named \u003cstrong data-start=\"4210\" data-end=\"4223\"\u003eHenry Lee\u003c\/strong\u003e and the case originated in \u003cstrong data-start=\"4251\" data-end=\"4274\"\u003eWestmoreland County\u003c\/strong\u003e, additional genealogical research may determine whether he belonged to the prominent Lee family of Virginia. If such a connection can be documented, it would materially enhance the document's historical importance and market value. However, we cannot be certain that this is the father of Robert E Lee. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"Signature Documents LLC","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":52597805842714,"sku":null,"price":325.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2221\/0931\/files\/IMG_1870.jpg?v=1785241293"}],"url":"https:\/\/www.thearchiveauthority.com\/en-ca\/collections\/early-legal-documents.oembed","provider":"Signature Documents LLC","version":"1.0","type":"link"}