{"title":"Massachusetts and Boston","description":"","products":[{"product_id":"1777-revolutionary-war-newspaper-independent-chronicle-george-clinton-fort-montgomery-bennington-john-hancock","title":"1777 Revolutionary War Newspaper – Independent Chronicle – George Clinton – Fort Montgomery – Bennington – John Hancock","description":"\u003ch2 data-start=\"2488\" data-end=\"2612\" class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\"\u003e\n\u003cspan role=\"text\"\u003e1777 Revolutionary War Newspaper – \u003cem data-start=\"2526\" data-end=\"2549\"\u003eIndependent Chronicle\u003c\/em\u003e – George Clinton – Fort Montgomery – Bennington – John Hancock\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchor\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"2614\" data-end=\"2654\"\u003eAn original Revolutionary War newspaper:\u003cimg\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"2656\" data-end=\"2714\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"2656\" data-end=\"2714\"\u003eThe Independent Chronicle and the Universal Advertiser\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"2716\" data-end=\"2741\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"2716\" data-end=\"2741\"\u003eBoston, Massachusetts\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"2743\" data-end=\"2772\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"2743\" data-end=\"2772\"\u003eThursday, October 9, 1777\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"2774\" data-end=\"2796\"\u003eVolume XI, Number 477.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"2798\" data-end=\"3029\"\u003eAn exceptional newspaper printed during one of the most pivotal weeks of the American Revolution, issued only days after the Second Battle of Saratoga and while British and American forces struggled for control of the Hudson River.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"3031\" data-end=\"3498\"\u003eThe issue features extensive reporting on the Revolutionary War, including Governor \u003cstrong data-start=\"3115\" data-end=\"3135\"\u003eGeorge Clinton's\u003c\/strong\u003e address concerning the invasion of New York, the defense of the Hudson Highlands, and military operations following the capture of \u003cstrong data-start=\"3267\" data-end=\"3286\"\u003eFort Montgomery\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong data-start=\"3291\" data-end=\"3307\"\u003eFort Clinton\u003c\/strong\u003e. Additional reports discuss the aftermath of the \u003cstrong data-start=\"3357\" data-end=\"3381\"\u003eBattle of Bennington\u003c\/strong\u003e, activity around \u003cstrong data-start=\"3399\" data-end=\"3414\"\u003eTiconderoga\u003c\/strong\u003e, Congressional proceedings, and developments affecting General Burgoyne's campaign.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"3500\" data-end=\"3774\"\u003eAlso present are contemporary advertisements, London news, shipping intelligence, and a printed Congressional notice bearing the name of \u003cstrong data-start=\"3637\" data-end=\"3653\"\u003eJohn Hancock\u003c\/strong\u003e, providing an outstanding snapshot of political, military, and civilian life during America's struggle for independence.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"3776\" data-end=\"3929\"\u003ePrinted by \u003cstrong data-start=\"3787\" data-end=\"3826\"\u003eEdward E. Powars \u0026amp; Nathaniel Willis\u003c\/strong\u003e in Boston, this newspaper represents one of the premier Patriot publications of the Revolutionary era.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"3931\" data-end=\"4201\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"3931\" data-end=\"3945\"\u003eCondition:\u003c\/strong\u003e Complete four-page issue. Professionally silked\/backed for long-term preservation. Moderate age toning, fold wear, and minor edge losses consistent with eighteenth-century newspapers. Printing remains bold and highly legible with excellent display appeal.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 data-start=\"4203\" data-end=\"4217\"\u003eHighlights\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"4219\" data-end=\"4542\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-start=\"4219\" data-end=\"4258\"\u003eOriginal Revolutionary War newspaper.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-start=\"4259\" data-end=\"4285\"\u003eBoston, October 9, 1777.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-start=\"4286\" data-end=\"4320\"\u003eGeorge Clinton military address.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-start=\"4321\" data-end=\"4367\"\u003eReports on Fort Montgomery and Fort Clinton.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-start=\"4368\" data-end=\"4395\"\u003eBennington campaign news.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-start=\"4396\" data-end=\"4437\"\u003eCongressional notice with John Hancock.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-start=\"4438\" data-end=\"4465\"\u003eComplete four-page issue.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-start=\"4466\" data-end=\"4542\"\u003eOne of the finest Boston Revolutionary newspapers available to collectors.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Signature Documents LLC","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":52462492123418,"sku":null,"price":2895.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2221\/0931\/files\/IMG_1327.jpg?v=1783623430"},{"product_id":"rare-17th-century-massachusetts-bay-colony-court-writ-ordering-the-attachment-and-arrest-of-nathaniel-gallop-cambridge-charlestown-early-middlesex-county-manuscript","title":"Rare 1655 Massachusetts Bay Colony Court Writ Ordering the Attachment and Arrest of Nathaniel Gallop – Cambridge \u0026 Charlestown – Early Middlesex County Manuscript","description":"\u003ch2 data-section-id=\"o6w6ft\" data-start=\"2599\" data-end=\"2772\" class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\"\u003e\n\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 0.875rem;\"\u003eAn exceptional original manuscript legal document from the early years of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, directed:\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchor\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cblockquote data-start=\"2889\" data-end=\"2959\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"2891\" data-end=\"2959\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"2891\" data-end=\"2959\"\u003e\"To the Marshall at Cambridge or the Constable of Charlestowne.\"\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"2961\" data-end=\"3252\"\u003eThe writ commands the officer to seize the property of \u003cstrong data-start=\"3016\" data-end=\"3036\"\u003eNathaniel Gallop\u003c\/strong\u003e, or, if insufficient goods can be found, to arrest his person and require security in the substantial sum of \u003cstrong data-start=\"3146\" data-end=\"3178\"\u003eone hundred and fifty pounds\u003c\/strong\u003e, compelling his appearance before the next \u003cstrong data-start=\"3222\" data-end=\"3251\"\u003eCounty Court at Cambridge\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"3254\" data-end=\"3387\"\u003eThe proceeding arises from a complaint brought by \u003cstrong data-start=\"3304\" data-end=\"3321\"\u003eRoger Stevens\u003c\/strong\u003e in an \u003cstrong data-start=\"3328\" data-end=\"3348\"\u003eAction of Review\u003c\/strong\u003e, involving the alleged taking away of:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"3389\" data-end=\"3447\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1ed7ugs\" data-start=\"3389\" data-end=\"3409\"\u003ean English servant\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"yxwvrf\" data-start=\"3410\" data-end=\"3429\"\u003ean Indian servant\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"ljey29\" data-start=\"3430\" data-end=\"3447\"\u003ea Negro servant\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"3449\" data-end=\"3815\"\u003eThe manuscript provides a remarkable glimpse into the operation of colonial justice and the complex labor systems of seventeenth-century New England. Documents explicitly referencing English, Native American, and African laborers within the same legal action are notably scarce and provide valuable evidence of the diverse forms of bound labor present in the colony.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"3817\" data-end=\"4031\"\u003eThe lower section contains the constable's original return, certifying service of the writ and the taking of security, while the reverse bears contemporary docketing identifying the matter against Nathaniel Gallop.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 data-section-id=\"1dr5t50\" data-start=\"4033\" data-end=\"4044\"\u003eDetails\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"4046\" data-end=\"4318\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1brwwfy\" data-start=\"4046\" data-end=\"4081\"\u003eOriginal manuscript on laid paper\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"54k6nw\" data-start=\"4082\" data-end=\"4108\"\u003eMassachusetts Bay Colony\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1sdshr4\" data-start=\"4109\" data-end=\"4139\"\u003eMiddlesex County (Cambridge)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"11nmbqo\" data-start=\"4140\" data-end=\"4175\"\u003eDirected to Charlestown constable\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"lv94iy\" data-start=\"4176\" data-end=\"4224\"\u003eEarly to mid-17th century (likely 1650s–1660s)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1sypa10\" data-start=\"4225\" data-end=\"4248\"\u003eOriginal court return\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"3u77b3\" data-start=\"4249\" data-end=\"4278\"\u003eOriginal docketing on verso\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"h1ug02\" data-start=\"4279\" data-end=\"4318\"\u003eEntirely handwritten in iron-gall ink\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 data-section-id=\"1uef3h1\" data-start=\"4320\" data-end=\"4333\"\u003eCondition\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"4335\" data-end=\"4552\"\u003eOriginal folds, age toning, scattered ink corrosion, several fold separations, edge losses, and archival-worthy wear consistent with a seventeenth-century colonial court document. Fully legible and highly displayable.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 data-section-id=\"1a8qj0\" data-start=\"4554\" data-end=\"4574\"\u003eCollector Appeal\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"4576\" data-end=\"4659\"\u003eThis manuscript combines several collecting categories rarely encountered together:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"4661\" data-end=\"4945\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1q8bqeb\" data-start=\"4661\" data-end=\"4693\"\u003eEarly New England colonial law\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"heu66n\" data-start=\"4694\" data-end=\"4725\"\u003eMassachusetts Bay manuscripts\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"lnkas1\" data-start=\"4726\" data-end=\"4761\"\u003eCambridge and Charlestown history\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"7zt6ea\" data-start=\"4762\" data-end=\"4796\"\u003eNathaniel Gallop family research\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"a259jz\" data-start=\"4797\" data-end=\"4823\"\u003eColonial court procedure\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"14ke0uh\" data-start=\"4824\" data-end=\"4846\"\u003eIndentured servitude\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"18zdy51\" data-start=\"4847\" data-end=\"4872\"\u003eNative American history\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"icc813\" data-start=\"4873\" data-end=\"4905\"\u003eEarly African American history\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"19c6cn6\" data-start=\"4906\" data-end=\"4945\"\u003eSeventeenth-century legal manuscripts\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"4947\" data-end=\"5150\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\"\u003eIt is a significant and visually impressive survivor from the formative decades of English New England, documenting the administration of justice and labor disputes in one of America's earliest colonies.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Signature Documents LLC","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":52502839984410,"sku":null,"price":1695.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2221\/0931\/files\/IMG_1498.jpg?v=1784061748"},{"product_id":"1801-massachusetts-tax-broadside-peleg-coffin-treasurer-long-meadow-early-american-government-document","title":"1801 Massachusetts Tax Broadside – Peleg Coffin Treasurer – Long Meadow – Early American Government Document","description":"\u003cp data-start=\"2220\" data-end=\"2332\" class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"2220\" data-end=\"2332\"\u003e1801 Massachusetts Tax Broadside – Peleg Coffin Treasurer – Long Meadow – Early American Government Document\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchor\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"2334\" data-end=\"2513\"\u003eAn original official Commonwealth of Massachusetts tax broadside issued for the \u003cstrong data-start=\"2414\" data-end=\"2427\"\u003eYear 1801\u003c\/strong\u003e, completed in manuscript for the town of \u003cstrong data-start=\"2469\" data-end=\"2512\"\u003eLong Meadow (Longmeadow), Massachusetts\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"2515\" data-end=\"2915\"\u003ePrinted in Boston under the authority of \u003cstrong data-start=\"2556\" data-end=\"2572\"\u003ePeleg Coffin\u003c\/strong\u003e, Treasurer and Receiver-General of the Commonwealth and former member of the United States Congress, this document directed local selectmen and assessors to levy taxes pursuant to the Massachusetts tax act of February 28, 1801. The broadside is dated \u003cstrong data-start=\"2824\" data-end=\"2842\"\u003eMarch 23, 1801\u003c\/strong\u003e, and retains the handsome engraved Massachusetts state arms at the head.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"2917\" data-end=\"3078\"\u003eThe manuscript entries assess Long Meadow for \u003cstrong data-start=\"2963\" data-end=\"2974\"\u003e$232.50\u003c\/strong\u003e, together with an additional \u003cstrong data-start=\"3004\" data-end=\"3014\"\u003e$10.00\u003c\/strong\u003e assessment for representatives, for a total tax of \u003cstrong data-start=\"3066\" data-end=\"3077\"\u003e$242.50\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"3080\" data-end=\"3454\"\u003eDocuments such as this were working government forms intended for temporary administrative use. Most were discarded after the tax rolls were completed, making surviving examples from the early Federal period increasingly scarce. This piece provides an excellent glimpse into the mechanics of taxation in the young American republic only a quarter century after Independence.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"3456\" data-end=\"3467\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"3456\" data-end=\"3467\"\u003eDetails\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"3468\" data-end=\"3943\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"8zcvjv\" data-start=\"3468\" data-end=\"3518\"\u003eOriginal 1801 Massachusetts government broadside\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"5mxeuq\" data-start=\"3519\" data-end=\"3557\"\u003eBoston printing dated March 23, 1801\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1kqkhui\" data-start=\"3558\" data-end=\"3614\"\u003eIssued by Peleg Coffin, Treasurer and Receiver-General\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1j1co9f\" data-start=\"3615\" data-end=\"3654\"\u003eCompleted for the town of Long Meadow\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1u7b2ty\" data-start=\"3655\" data-end=\"3688\"\u003eOriginal manuscript tax entries\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"2j6xps\" data-start=\"3689\" data-end=\"3740\"\u003eLarge folio format (approximately 13 × 16 inches)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"2n47hs\" data-start=\"3741\" data-end=\"3943\"\u003eCondition: Fair to Good with expected fold wear, edge losses, old archival tape repairs on the reverse, scattered staining, and small tears; text remains substantially complete and highly displayable.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"3945\" data-end=\"4123\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\"\u003eA scarce survivor from the Jeffersonian era, combining early Massachusetts state history, local genealogy, and the fiscal administration of one of America's oldest commonwealths.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Signature Documents LLC","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":52565746811162,"sku":null,"price":395.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2221\/0931\/files\/IMG_1677.jpg?v=1784739909"},{"product_id":"1801-massachusetts-district-of-maine-court-writ-sheriffs-return-cumberland-county-complete-civil-attachment-file","title":"1801 Massachusetts (District of Maine) Court Writ \u0026 Sheriff's Return – Cumberland County – Complete Civil Attachment File","description":"\u003cp data-start=\"2963\" data-end=\"3088\" class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"2963\" data-end=\"3088\"\u003e1801 Massachusetts (District of Maine) Court Writ \u0026amp; Sheriff's Return – Cumberland County – Complete Civil Attachment File\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchor\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"3090\" data-end=\"3349\"\u003eOriginal manuscript \u003cstrong data-start=\"3110\" data-end=\"3135\"\u003eCourt of Common Pleas\u003c\/strong\u003e writ issued by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts for \u003cstrong data-start=\"3189\" data-end=\"3229\"\u003eCumberland County, District of Maine\u003c\/strong\u003e, dated \u003cstrong data-start=\"3237\" data-end=\"3253\"\u003eJanuary 1801\u003c\/strong\u003e, accompanied by the original handwritten statement of account forming the basis of the lawsuit.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"3351\" data-end=\"3748\"\u003eThe action was brought by \u003cstrong data-start=\"3377\" data-end=\"3405\"\u003eJacobson (Jackson) Paine\u003c\/strong\u003e against \u003cstrong data-start=\"3414\" data-end=\"3432\"\u003eSolomon Bryant\u003c\/strong\u003e, a farmer of Paris, Maine, seeking recovery of an unpaid debt totaling approximately \u003cstrong data-start=\"3518\" data-end=\"3528\"\u003e$32.93\u003c\/strong\u003e arising from merchandise, lodging, labor, and other charges. The writ orders the sheriff to attach Bryant's property or, failing sufficient estate, arrest him and require his appearance before the Court of Common Pleas.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"3750\" data-end=\"4164\"\u003eParticularly desirable is the fully completed \u003cstrong data-start=\"3796\" data-end=\"3823\"\u003eDeputy Sheriff's return\u003c\/strong\u003e, dated \u003cstrong data-start=\"3831\" data-end=\"3851\"\u003eFebruary 2, 1801\u003c\/strong\u003e, certifying that \u003cstrong data-start=\"3869\" data-end=\"3909\"\u003eLot No. 8 in the Third Range of Lots\u003c\/strong\u003e belonging to Bryant was attached and that legal notice was left at his residence. The accompanying manuscript account itemizes the debt and provides a fascinating snapshot of everyday commerce and credit in frontier Maine during the early Federal period.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"4166\" data-end=\"4177\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"4166\" data-end=\"4177\"\u003eDetails\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"4179\" data-end=\"4748\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"sj76u\" data-start=\"4179\" data-end=\"4247\"\u003eOriginal Commonwealth of Massachusetts Court of Common Pleas writ.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"16th129\" data-start=\"4248\" data-end=\"4314\"\u003eCumberland County, District of Maine (prior to Maine statehood).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1tks0sr\" data-start=\"4315\" data-end=\"4339\"\u003eJanuary–February 1801.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"ngy1ca\" data-start=\"4340\" data-end=\"4393\"\u003eCivil attachment proceeding against Solomon Bryant.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"oz8rxq\" data-start=\"4394\" data-end=\"4471\"\u003eIncludes original handwritten account ledger totaling approximately $32.93.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"itkz2o\" data-start=\"4472\" data-end=\"4549\"\u003eFully executed deputy sheriff's return recording attachment of real estate.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"w6jmf0\" data-start=\"4550\" data-end=\"4594\"\u003eOriginal court docketing and endorsements.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"4jvzz5\" data-start=\"4595\" data-end=\"4748\"\u003eCondition: Good to very good with expected fold wear, light edge losses, and minor fold separations; both documents remain complete and highly legible.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"4750\" data-end=\"4984\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\"\u003eA scarce and highly appealing early American legal archive documenting debt collection, land attachment, and court procedure in the District of Maine before statehood, with exceptional genealogical and local historical research value.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 data-section-id=\"hbnocb\" data-start=\"855\" data-end=\"877\" class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\"\u003eNature of the Case\u003cspan aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchor\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"879\" data-end=\"917\"\u003eThis is a \u003cstrong data-start=\"889\" data-end=\"916\"\u003ecivil attachment action\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"919\" data-end=\"947\"\u003eThe sheriff is commanded to:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"949\" data-end=\"1118\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1rllawb\" data-start=\"949\" data-end=\"1003\"\u003eAttach Bryant's goods or estate to secure the claim.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1jmbqwm\" data-start=\"1004\" data-end=\"1060\"\u003eIf insufficient property exists, arrest the defendant.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"raq5ff\" data-start=\"1061\" data-end=\"1118\"\u003eRequire him to appear before the Court of Common Pleas.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1120\" data-end=\"1252\"\u003eThe declaration alleges Bryant purchased various goods from the plaintiff and failed to pay approximately \u003cstrong data-start=\"1226\" data-end=\"1236\"\u003e$32.93\u003c\/strong\u003e, consisting of:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"1254\" data-end=\"1325\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"3k6jix\" data-start=\"1254\" data-end=\"1273\"\u003eBoard and lodging\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1g5zpv6\" data-start=\"1274\" data-end=\"1293\"\u003eStore merchandise\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"16r4fju\" data-start=\"1294\" data-end=\"1301\"\u003eLabor\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"e0pzzn\" data-start=\"1302\" data-end=\"1325\"\u003eMiscellaneous charges\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1327\" data-end=\"1391\"\u003eA detailed handwritten account of the debt accompanies the writ.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr data-start=\"1393\" data-end=\"1396\"\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-section-id=\"swsoe6\" data-start=\"1398\" data-end=\"1417\"\u003eSheriff's Return\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1419\" data-end=\"1497\"\u003eOne of the most desirable features is the \u003cstrong data-start=\"1461\" data-end=\"1496\"\u003efully executed sheriff's return\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1499\" data-end=\"1561\"\u003eOn \u003cstrong data-start=\"1502\" data-end=\"1522\"\u003eFebruary 2, 1801\u003c\/strong\u003e, the deputy sheriff certifies that he:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote data-start=\"1563\" data-end=\"1643\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1565\" data-end=\"1643\"\u003eAttached \u003cstrong data-start=\"1574\" data-end=\"1614\"\u003eLot No. 8 in the Third Range of Lots\u003c\/strong\u003e belonging to Solomon Bryant.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1645\" data-end=\"1709\"\u003eHe further notes leaving a written summons at Bryant's dwelling.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1711\" data-end=\"1851\"\u003eThese completed returns are considerably scarcer than unused writs because they document the actual enforcement of early American civil law.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr data-start=\"1853\" data-end=\"1856\"\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-section-id=\"1353kst\" data-start=\"1858\" data-end=\"1882\"\u003eHistorical Importance\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1884\" data-end=\"1912\"\u003eThis manuscript illustrates:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"1914\" data-end=\"2125\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"ktimda\" data-start=\"1914\" data-end=\"1965\"\u003eFrontier legal practice in the District of Maine.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"14n4pcq\" data-start=\"1966\" data-end=\"2001\"\u003eEarly debt collection procedures.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1i5ltwe\" data-start=\"2002\" data-end=\"2046\"\u003eSheriff's execution of attachment process.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"8lf6nu\" data-start=\"2047\" data-end=\"2070\"\u003eRural land ownership.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1j9m84z\" data-start=\"2071\" data-end=\"2125\"\u003eCommercial credit in post-Revolutionary New England.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"2127\" data-end=\"2280\"\u003eThe accompanying account sheet substantially increases research interest because it documents everyday prices and charges incurred by an ordinary farmer.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Signature Documents LLC","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":52565771616538,"sku":null,"price":550.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2221\/0931\/files\/IMG_1685.jpg?v=1784742411"},{"product_id":"1805-district-of-maine-court-recognizance-signed-by-stephen-longfellow-grandfather-of-poet-henry-wadsworth-longfellow","title":"1805 District of Maine Court Recognizance Signed by Stephen Longfellow, Grandfather of Poet Henry Wadsworth Longfellow","description":"\u003cp data-start=\"19\" data-end=\"214\" class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\"\u003eThis is an \u003cstrong data-start=\"30\" data-end=\"92\"\u003eoriginal Massachusetts judicial recognizance (appeal bond)\u003c\/strong\u003e printed and manuscript legal document completed in \u003cstrong data-start=\"144\" data-end=\"184\"\u003eCumberland County, District of Maine\u003c\/strong\u003e, dated \u003cstrong data-start=\"192\" data-end=\"213\"\u003eNovember 20, 1805\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003cspan aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchor\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"216\" data-end=\"542\"\u003eThe form was executed before \u003cstrong data-start=\"245\" data-end=\"279\"\u003eStephen Longfellow (1750–1824)\u003c\/strong\u003e, Justice of the Peace in Cumberland County, who was the \u003cstrong data-start=\"336\" data-end=\"390\"\u003egrandfather of the poet Henry Wadsworth Longfellow\u003c\/strong\u003e. Stephen Longfellow succeeded his father in judicial duties in Gorham and was a prominent early Maine magistrate. \u003cspan class=\"\" data-state=\"closed\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"544\" data-end=\"952\"\u003eThe handwritten pencil note at the bottom (\"Written by Stephen Longfellow, father of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow – Maine 1805\") is \u003cstrong data-start=\"674\" data-end=\"687\"\u003eincorrect\u003c\/strong\u003e. The document is from 1805, two years before Henry Wadsworth Longfellow was born in 1807, and the signature is that of \u003cstrong data-start=\"807\" data-end=\"841\"\u003eStephen Longfellow (1750–1824)\u003c\/strong\u003e, Henry's grandfather—not his father, \u003cstrong data-start=\"879\" data-end=\"913\"\u003eStephen Longfellow (1776–1849)\u003c\/strong\u003e. \u003cspan class=\"\" data-state=\"closed\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 data-section-id=\"yree25\" data-start=\"954\" data-end=\"971\"\u003eParties Named\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"973\" data-end=\"1286\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"11krvu5\" data-start=\"973\" data-end=\"1033\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong data-start=\"975\" data-end=\"997\"\u003eThomas Hopkins Jr.\u003c\/strong\u003e, of Portland, gentleman (principal)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1x081rn\" data-start=\"1034\" data-end=\"1090\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong data-start=\"1036\" data-end=\"1059\"\u003eSamuel Whitmore Jr.\u003c\/strong\u003e, of Gorham, gentleman (surety)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1ywo8i8\" data-start=\"1091\" data-end=\"1168\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong data-start=\"1093\" data-end=\"1125\"\u003eBenjamin Smith \u0026amp; Robert Snow\u003c\/strong\u003e, traders of Cumberland County (plaintiffs)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1mi5hpy\" data-start=\"1169\" data-end=\"1239\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong data-start=\"1171\" data-end=\"1187\"\u003eTyler Porter\u003c\/strong\u003e, of Pleasant Mountain Gore, York County (appellant)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"11tu3bl\" data-start=\"1240\" data-end=\"1286\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong data-start=\"1242\" data-end=\"1264\"\u003eStephen Longfellow\u003c\/strong\u003e, Justice of the Peace\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1288\" data-end=\"1478\"\u003eThe recognizance binds the parties in the amount of \u003cstrong data-start=\"1340\" data-end=\"1352\"\u003e$16 each\u003c\/strong\u003e to prosecute an appeal before the \u003cstrong data-start=\"1387\" data-end=\"1412\"\u003eCourt of Common Pleas\u003c\/strong\u003e sitting at \u003cstrong data-start=\"1424\" data-end=\"1436\"\u003ePortland\u003c\/strong\u003e, following a judgment rendered at Gorham.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr data-start=\"1480\" data-end=\"1483\"\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-section-id=\"hlyorq\" data-start=\"1485\" data-end=\"1511\"\u003eHistorical Significance\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1513\" data-end=\"1694\"\u003eThis document illustrates the administration of justice in the \u003cstrong data-start=\"1576\" data-end=\"1597\"\u003eDistrict of Maine\u003c\/strong\u003e while it was still part of Massachusetts, fifteen years before Maine achieved statehood in 1820.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1696\" data-end=\"2080\"\u003eIts principal historical importance lies in the signature of \u003cstrong data-start=\"1757\" data-end=\"1791\"\u003eStephen Longfellow (1750–1824)\u003c\/strong\u003e, a respected magistrate and patriarch of the Longfellow family. He was the grandfather of \u003cstrong data-start=\"1882\" data-end=\"1912\"\u003eHenry Wadsworth Longfellow\u003c\/strong\u003e, one of America's most celebrated poets, and served as Justice of the Peace in Gorham, where he handled many local civil matters. \u003cspan class=\"\" data-state=\"closed\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"2082\" data-end=\"2227\"\u003eWhile not signed by Henry's father, it remains an authentic legal document connected with the Longfellow family and early Maine judicial history.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr data-start=\"2229\" data-end=\"2232\"\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-section-id=\"hrykuu\" data-start=\"2234\" data-end=\"2246\"\u003eCondition\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"2248\" data-end=\"2471\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"tguxwk\" data-start=\"2248\" data-end=\"2316\"\u003eOriginal printed Massachusetts legal form with manuscript entries.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"jngdn0\" data-start=\"2317\" data-end=\"2350\"\u003eStrong, legible ink throughout.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"xyucc8\" data-start=\"2351\" data-end=\"2380\"\u003eOriginal folds from filing.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"18blalu\" data-start=\"2381\" data-end=\"2436\"\u003eLight toning and minor edge wear consistent with age.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"kxlt0h\" data-start=\"2437\" data-end=\"2471\"\u003eOverall \u003cstrong data-start=\"2447\" data-end=\"2460\"\u003eVery Good\u003c\/strong\u003e condition.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Signature Documents LLC","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":52581506089242,"sku":null,"price":275.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2221\/0931\/files\/IMG_1760.jpg?v=1784983141"},{"product_id":"1800-stephen-longfellow-signed-court-writ-father-of-henry-wadsworth-longfellow-early-maine-legal-manuscript","title":"1800 Stephen Longfellow Signed Court Writ – Father of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow – Early Maine Legal Manuscript","description":"\u003cp data-start=\"3701\" data-end=\"4073\" class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\"\u003eOriginal Commonwealth of Massachusetts Court of Common Pleas writ issued in \u003cstrong data-start=\"3777\" data-end=\"3818\"\u003eCumberland County (District of Maine)\u003c\/strong\u003e on \u003cstrong data-start=\"3822\" data-end=\"3844\"\u003eSeptember 25, 1800\u003c\/strong\u003e, bearing the signature of \u003cstrong data-start=\"3871\" data-end=\"3905\"\u003eStephen Longfellow (1776–1849)\u003c\/strong\u003e, distinguished Portland attorney, future U.S. Congressman, and father of celebrated American poet \u003cstrong data-start=\"4004\" data-end=\"4034\"\u003eHenry Wadsworth Longfellow\u003c\/strong\u003e. \u003cspan class=\"\" data-state=\"closed\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchor\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"4075\" data-end=\"4555\"\u003eThe action was brought by \u003cstrong data-start=\"4101\" data-end=\"4120\"\u003eWilliam Woodman\u003c\/strong\u003e, a Portland hatter, against \u003cstrong data-start=\"4149\" data-end=\"4169\"\u003eSamuel M. Quincy\u003c\/strong\u003e, also a hatter, seeking recovery arising from an agreement to furnish two suits of clothing—a \"freedom suit\" and a \"common suit.\" The complaint alleges that only one suit had been delivered and that the second, valued at \u003cstrong data-start=\"4391\" data-end=\"4398\"\u003e$42\u003c\/strong\u003e, remained unpaid. The reverse records the sheriff's return, fees, and the final notation \u003cstrong data-start=\"4488\" data-end=\"4525\"\u003e\"Judgment for forty-two Dollars,\"\u003c\/strong\u003e signed by Stephen Longfellow.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"4557\" data-end=\"4846\"\u003eExecuted just seven years before the birth of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, this manuscript documents the earliest phase of Stephen Longfellow's distinguished legal career and offers an appealing combination of literary association, early American commerce, and Federal-period legal history.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"4848\" data-end=\"5321\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"4848\" data-end=\"4857\"\u003eDate:\u003c\/strong\u003e September 25, 1800 (Sheriff's Return: October 3, 1800)\u003cbr data-start=\"4912\" data-end=\"4915\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"4915\" data-end=\"4928\"\u003eLocation:\u003c\/strong\u003e Cumberland County, District of Maine (then part of Massachusetts)\u003cbr data-start=\"4994\" data-end=\"4997\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"4997\" data-end=\"5015\"\u003eDocument Type:\u003c\/strong\u003e Court of Common Pleas writ of attachment with sheriff's return and judgment\u003cbr data-start=\"5091\" data-end=\"5094\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"5094\" data-end=\"5108\"\u003eCondition:\u003c\/strong\u003e Very good, with original folds, light age toning, period docketing, and clear manuscript throughout. An excellent early Maine legal document with direct Longfellow family association and strong historical appeal.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-section-id=\"1c1l3dy\" data-start=\"884\" data-end=\"903\" class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\"\u003eDocument Summary\u003cspan aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchor\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"905\" data-end=\"968\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"905\" data-end=\"915\"\u003eCourt:\u003c\/strong\u003e Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Court of Common Pleas\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"970\" data-end=\"1012\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"970\" data-end=\"981\"\u003eCounty:\u003c\/strong\u003e Cumberland (District of Maine)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1014\" data-end=\"1049\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"1014\" data-end=\"1030\"\u003eDate Issued:\u003c\/strong\u003e September 25, 1800\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1051\" data-end=\"1088\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"1051\" data-end=\"1072\"\u003eSheriff's Return:\u003c\/strong\u003e October 3, 1800\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1090\" data-end=\"1104\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"1090\" data-end=\"1104\"\u003ePlaintiff:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"1105\" data-end=\"1142\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"c9vhk7\" data-start=\"1105\" data-end=\"1142\"\u003eWilliam Woodman of Portland, Hatter\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1144\" data-end=\"1158\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"1144\" data-end=\"1158\"\u003eDefendant:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"1159\" data-end=\"1225\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1r55htb\" data-start=\"1159\" data-end=\"1225\"\u003eSamuel M. Quincy (described as a hatter residing in York County)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1227\" data-end=\"1358\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"1227\" data-end=\"1237\"\u003eClaim:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe lawsuit concerns an unpaid obligation arising from clothing. The declaration states that Quincy promised to provide:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"1360\" data-end=\"1404\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"gvt4px\" data-start=\"1360\" data-end=\"1382\"\u003eone \u003cstrong data-start=\"1366\" data-end=\"1382\"\u003efreedom suit\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1yfyz8a\" data-start=\"1383\" data-end=\"1404\"\u003eone \u003cstrong data-start=\"1389\" data-end=\"1404\"\u003ecommon suit\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1406\" data-end=\"1554\"\u003eOnly one suit had reportedly been furnished, while the \"freedom suit\" remained unpaid, valued at \u003cstrong data-start=\"1503\" data-end=\"1510\"\u003e$42\u003c\/strong\u003e, for which judgment was ultimately entered.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1556\" data-end=\"1670\"\u003eThe writ commands the sheriff to attach Quincy's property sufficient to satisfy damages of \u003cstrong data-start=\"1647\" data-end=\"1654\"\u003e$60\u003c\/strong\u003e, pending trial.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr data-start=\"1672\" data-end=\"1675\"\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-section-id=\"165ox5x\" data-start=\"1677\" data-end=\"1687\"\u003eReverse\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1689\" data-end=\"1710\"\u003eThe reverse contains:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"1712\" data-end=\"1784\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1qzt11v\" data-start=\"1712\" data-end=\"1730\"\u003eSheriff's return\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1mxupa8\" data-start=\"1731\" data-end=\"1745\"\u003eService fees\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1nyuprn\" data-start=\"1746\" data-end=\"1763\"\u003eTravel expenses\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"4zzb6c\" data-start=\"1764\" data-end=\"1784\"\u003eJudgment notation:\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cblockquote data-start=\"1786\" data-end=\"1824\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1788\" data-end=\"1824\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"1788\" data-end=\"1824\"\u003e\"Judgment for forty-two Dollars\"\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1826\" data-end=\"1878\"\u003efollowed by the signature of \u003cstrong data-start=\"1855\" data-end=\"1877\"\u003eStephen Longfellow\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr data-start=\"1880\" data-end=\"1883\"\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-section-id=\"1353kst\" data-start=\"1885\" data-end=\"1909\"\u003eHistorical Importance\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1911\" data-end=\"2026\"\u003eThis document illustrates commercial litigation in early Federal-era Maine while it remained part of Massachusetts.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"2028\" data-end=\"2140\"\u003eIt is particularly desirable because it is associated with \u003cstrong data-start=\"2087\" data-end=\"2121\"\u003eStephen Longfellow (1776–1849)\u003c\/strong\u003e, who later became:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"2142\" data-end=\"2379\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"k4e6kh\" data-start=\"2142\" data-end=\"2173\"\u003ea prominent Portland attorney\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"hw8xlj\" data-start=\"2174\" data-end=\"2217\"\u003emember of the Massachusetts General Court\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"i1vc2u\" data-start=\"2218\" data-end=\"2255\"\u003edelegate to the Hartford Convention\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1btxoc2\" data-start=\"2256\" data-end=\"2297\"\u003eU.S. Congressman from Maine (1823–1825)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"bprkwg\" data-start=\"2298\" data-end=\"2379\"\u003efather of \u003cstrong data-start=\"2310\" data-end=\"2340\"\u003eHenry Wadsworth Longfellow\u003c\/strong\u003e. \u003cspan class=\"\" data-state=\"closed\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"2381\" data-end=\"2726\"\u003eThe case also provides an interesting glimpse into the clothing trade around 1800. The distinction between a \u003cstrong data-start=\"2490\" data-end=\"2508\"\u003e\"freedom suit\"\u003c\/strong\u003e and a \u003cstrong data-start=\"2515\" data-end=\"2532\"\u003e\"common suit\"\u003c\/strong\u003e reflects period clothing terminology, with \"freedom suit\" referring to clothing furnished under a contractual obligation, often to apprentices or indentured servants upon completion of service.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Signature Documents LLC","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":52581512413466,"sku":null,"price":595.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2221\/0931\/files\/IMG_1761.jpg?v=1784983650"},{"product_id":"1828-massachusetts-justice-of-the-peace-commission-signed-by-governor-levi-lincoln-jr-large-embossed-state-seal","title":"1828 Massachusetts Justice of the Peace Commission Signed by Governor Levi Lincoln Jr. – Large Embossed State Seal","description":"\u003cp data-start=\"2432\" data-end=\"2659\" class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\"\u003eAn original Commonwealth of Massachusetts gubernatorial commission issued in Boston on \u003cstrong data-start=\"2519\" data-end=\"2536\"\u003eMarch 1, 1828\u003c\/strong\u003e, appointing \u003cstrong data-start=\"2549\" data-end=\"2584\"\u003eJoshua Blake, Esquire of Boston\u003c\/strong\u003e, as \u003cstrong data-start=\"2589\" data-end=\"2632\"\u003eJustice of the Peace for Suffolk County\u003c\/strong\u003e for a term of seven years.\u003cspan aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchor\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"2661\" data-end=\"3026\"\u003eThe document is signed in a bold, elegant hand by \u003cstrong data-start=\"2711\" data-end=\"2740\"\u003eGovernor Levi Lincoln Jr.\u003c\/strong\u003e, one of Massachusetts' longest-serving governors, and countersigned by \u003cstrong data-start=\"2812\" data-end=\"2831\"\u003eEdward D. Bangs\u003c\/strong\u003e, Secretary of the Commonwealth. A beautifully preserved \u003cstrong data-start=\"2888\" data-end=\"2948\"\u003elarge embossed Seal of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts\u003c\/strong\u003e dominates the left side of the document, providing exceptional visual appeal.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"3028\" data-end=\"3218\"\u003eJoshua Blake was a respected Boston attorney and public official, making this an identifiable historical appointment rather than an anonymous commission.\u003cspan class=\"\" data-state=\"closed\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"3220\" data-end=\"3461\"\u003ePrinted on period laid paper with manuscript insertions throughout, the commission remains in very good condition with original folds, light age toning, and no major defects. The reverse retains the original docket identifying the recipient.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"3463\" data-end=\"3824\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\"\u003eAn outstanding example of an early nineteenth-century Massachusetts state commission, combining an impressive embossed seal, bold gubernatorial signature, and historical association with one of Boston's prominent legal figures. Ideal for collectors of early American legal history, gubernatorial autographs, Massachusetts ephemera, and official state documents.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"179\" data-end=\"512\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1pcpl7x\" data-start=\"179\" data-end=\"208\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong data-start=\"181\" data-end=\"190\"\u003eDate:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cstrong data-start=\"191\" data-end=\"208\"\u003eMarch 1, 1828\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchor\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"hdwhw4\" data-start=\"209\" data-end=\"251\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong data-start=\"211\" data-end=\"221\"\u003eState:\u003c\/strong\u003e Commonwealth of Massachusetts\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"8zjz0f\" data-start=\"252\" data-end=\"302\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong data-start=\"254\" data-end=\"265\"\u003eOffice:\u003c\/strong\u003e Justice of the Peace, Suffolk County\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1r7wb12\" data-start=\"303\" data-end=\"378\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong data-start=\"305\" data-end=\"318\"\u003eGovernor:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cstrong data-start=\"319\" data-end=\"339\"\u003eLevi Lincoln Jr.\u003c\/strong\u003e (Governor of Massachusetts, 1825–1834)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"150jcxu\" data-start=\"379\" data-end=\"435\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong data-start=\"381\" data-end=\"415\"\u003eSecretary of the Commonwealth:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cstrong data-start=\"416\" data-end=\"435\"\u003eEdward D. Bangs\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1noq1q8\" data-start=\"436\" data-end=\"488\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong data-start=\"438\" data-end=\"452\"\u003eRecipient:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cstrong data-start=\"453\" data-end=\"488\"\u003eJoshua Blake, Esquire of Boston\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"kj3for\" data-start=\"489\" data-end=\"512\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong data-start=\"491\" data-end=\"500\"\u003eTerm:\u003c\/strong\u003e Seven years\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"514\" data-end=\"535\"\u003eThe commission bears:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"537\" data-end=\"840\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1jo0zq8\" data-start=\"537\" data-end=\"627\"\u003eThe large embossed \u003cstrong data-start=\"558\" data-end=\"603\"\u003eSeal of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts\u003c\/strong\u003e, beautifully preserved.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"2myp46\" data-start=\"628\" data-end=\"702\"\u003eThe bold, oversized \u003cstrong data-start=\"650\" data-end=\"702\"\u003eautograph signature of Governor Levi Lincoln Jr.\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1akbaoe\" data-start=\"703\" data-end=\"773\"\u003eThe signature of \u003cstrong data-start=\"722\" data-end=\"741\"\u003eEdward D. Bangs\u003c\/strong\u003e, Secretary of the Commonwealth.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1ppe4kv\" data-start=\"774\" data-end=\"840\"\u003eOriginal docketing on the reverse: \"Joshua Blake Esq., Suffolk.\"\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"842\" data-end=\"1044\"\u003eJoshua Blake (1778–1843) was a prominent Boston attorney and public official who served in several civic and judicial capacities during the early nineteenth century.\u003cspan class=\"\" data-state=\"closed\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-section-id=\"hrykuu\" data-start=\"1046\" data-end=\"1058\"\u003eCondition\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1060\" data-end=\"1070\"\u003eVery Good.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"1072\" data-end=\"1296\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"166iauj\" data-start=\"1072\" data-end=\"1091\"\u003eCrisp laid paper.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"4gmgb4\" data-start=\"1092\" data-end=\"1127\"\u003eStrong blind embossed state seal.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"gsv4w3\" data-start=\"1128\" data-end=\"1168\"\u003eDark, attractive governor's signature.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1xsw0ea\" data-start=\"1169\" data-end=\"1196\"\u003eOriginal folds as issued.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"13wkohe\" data-start=\"1197\" data-end=\"1252\"\u003eMinor edge wear and light toning consistent with age.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1dtfh9e\" data-start=\"1253\" data-end=\"1296\"\u003eNo significant losses or repairs visible.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-section-id=\"1wyzsyo\" data-start=\"1298\" data-end=\"1319\"\u003eCollector Interest\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1321\" data-end=\"1623\"\u003eMassachusetts commissions signed by \u003cstrong data-start=\"1357\" data-end=\"1377\"\u003eLevi Lincoln Jr.\u003c\/strong\u003e are desirable because Lincoln was one of the state's longest-serving governors and the son of Revolutionary statesman and U.S. Attorney General Levi Lincoln Sr. Official commissions bearing his large signature and embossed seal are collected by:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"1625\" data-end=\"1749\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1lj0xn4\" data-start=\"1625\" data-end=\"1651\"\u003eMassachusetts historians\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"5p8lc6\" data-start=\"1652\" data-end=\"1685\"\u003eEarly American legal collectors\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1qv22du\" data-start=\"1686\" data-end=\"1718\"\u003ePolitical autograph collectors\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"614e5e\" data-start=\"1719\" data-end=\"1749\"\u003eJudicial document collectors\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1751\" data-end=\"1812\"\u003eThe large blind seal adds considerably to its display appeal.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Signature Documents LLC","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":52583995605274,"sku":null,"price":375.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2221\/0931\/files\/IMG_1793.jpg?v=1785072880"},{"product_id":"1799-amsterdam-to-boston-bill-of-lading-ship-hamilton-seven-pipes-of-geneva-gin-original-wax-seal-silk-early-american-maritime-commerce","title":"1799 Amsterdam to Boston Bill of Lading – Ship Hamilton – Seven Pipes of Geneva Gin – Original Wax Seal \u0026 Silk – Early American Maritime Commerce","description":"\u003cp data-start=\"19\" data-end=\"320\" class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"19\" data-end=\"55\"\u003eOriginal Maritime Bill of Lading\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr data-start=\"55\" data-end=\"58\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"58\" data-end=\"67\"\u003eDate:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cstrong data-start=\"68\" data-end=\"84\"\u003e14 July 1799\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr data-start=\"84\" data-end=\"87\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"87\" data-end=\"107\"\u003ePort of Loading:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cstrong data-start=\"108\" data-end=\"134\"\u003eAmsterdam, Netherlands\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr data-start=\"134\" data-end=\"137\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"137\" data-end=\"153\"\u003eDestination:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cstrong data-start=\"154\" data-end=\"179\"\u003eBoston, Massachusetts\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr data-start=\"179\" data-end=\"182\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"182\" data-end=\"191\"\u003eShip:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cem data-start=\"192\" data-end=\"202\"\u003eHamilton\u003c\/em\u003e\u003cbr data-start=\"202\" data-end=\"205\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"205\" data-end=\"216\"\u003eMaster:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cstrong data-start=\"217\" data-end=\"234\"\u003eThomas Howard\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr data-start=\"234\" data-end=\"237\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"237\" data-end=\"255\"\u003eDocument Type:\u003c\/strong\u003e Printed English-language Bill of Lading completed in manuscript.\u003cspan aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchor\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"322\" data-end=\"723\"\u003eThis is an attractive late eighteenth-century merchant shipping document recording the overseas shipment of goods from Amsterdam to Boston during the closing years of the Early American Republic. Bills of lading served as the legal contract between the shipper, carrier, and consignee and are among the most important surviving records of early Atlantic commerce. \u003cspan class=\"\" data-state=\"closed\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 data-section-id=\"6wihsu\" data-start=\"725\" data-end=\"734\"\u003eCargo\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"736\" data-end=\"788\"\u003eThe handwritten entries record a shipment including:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"790\" data-end=\"965\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"8bgb4a\" data-start=\"790\" data-end=\"823\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"792\" data-end=\"823\"\u003eSeven pipes of Geneva (gin)\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1p4k0sg\" data-start=\"824\" data-end=\"847\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"826\" data-end=\"847\"\u003eFive bags of mace\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"6ptm3f\" data-start=\"848\" data-end=\"873\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"850\" data-end=\"873\"\u003eTwo bags of tapioca\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1kk3vpi\" data-start=\"874\" data-end=\"888\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"876\" data-end=\"888\"\u003eOne bale\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1jl1hhb\" data-start=\"889\" data-end=\"906\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"891\" data-end=\"906\"\u003eNew netting\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"b7030n\" data-start=\"907\" data-end=\"965\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"909\" data-end=\"965\"\u003eTwo boxes of Madeira staves (or similar merchandise)\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"967\" data-end=\"1065\"\u003e(The exact wording of the final commodity is somewhat difficult to decipher from the photographs.)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 data-section-id=\"du6jx6\" data-start=\"1067\" data-end=\"1082\"\u003eDestination\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1084\" data-end=\"1199\"\u003eConsigned for delivery at the port of \u003cstrong data-start=\"1122\" data-end=\"1132\"\u003eBoston\u003c\/strong\u003e, one of the principal commercial ports of the early United States.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 data-section-id=\"1xwhjnn\" data-start=\"1201\" data-end=\"1225\"\u003eOutstanding Features\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"1227\" data-end=\"1546\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"vme7kh\" data-start=\"1227\" data-end=\"1251\"\u003eDated \u003cstrong data-start=\"1235\" data-end=\"1251\"\u003e14 July 1799\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"bi2rgs\" data-start=\"1252\" data-end=\"1294\"\u003eAttractive engraved bill of lading form.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"dtu05f\" data-start=\"1295\" data-end=\"1366\"\u003eOriginal \u003cstrong data-start=\"1306\" data-end=\"1333\"\u003ered wax merchant's seal\u003c\/strong\u003e with surviving pink silk ribbon.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1bgookb\" data-start=\"1367\" data-end=\"1416\"\u003eSigned by the ship's master, \u003cstrong data-start=\"1398\" data-end=\"1415\"\u003eThomas Howard\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1tyj3gc\" data-start=\"1417\" data-end=\"1456\"\u003ePeriod manuscript entries throughout.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"3qvsem\" data-start=\"1457\" data-end=\"1546\"\u003eFine example of Dutch-American maritime commerce shortly after the American Revolution.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003chr data-start=\"1548\" data-end=\"1551\"\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-section-id=\"hlyorq\" data-start=\"1553\" data-end=\"1579\"\u003eHistorical Significance\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1581\" data-end=\"2024\"\u003eThis document reflects the vibrant trade between the Dutch Republic and the young United States. Amsterdam remained one of Europe's leading commercial centers, exporting luxury foods, spirits, spices, textiles, and manufactured goods to American ports. Bills of lading like this accompanied cargo across the Atlantic and functioned simultaneously as a receipt, contract of carriage, and document of title. \u003cspan class=\"\" data-state=\"closed\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"2026\" data-end=\"2177\"\u003eThe shipment of \u003cstrong data-start=\"2042\" data-end=\"2056\"\u003eGeneva gin\u003c\/strong\u003e, \u003cstrong data-start=\"2058\" data-end=\"2066\"\u003emace\u003c\/strong\u003e, and other imported commodities illustrates the diverse merchandise entering Boston during the Federal period.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr data-start=\"2179\" data-end=\"2182\"\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-section-id=\"hrykuu\" data-start=\"2184\" data-end=\"2196\"\u003eCondition\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"2198\" data-end=\"2208\"\u003eVery Good.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"2210\" data-end=\"2441\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1fetwmh\" data-start=\"2210\" data-end=\"2232\"\u003eOriginal laid paper.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1sgpkoq\" data-start=\"2233\" data-end=\"2285\"\u003eRed wax seal intact with original silk attachment.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"f6ayxr\" data-start=\"2286\" data-end=\"2314\"\u003eStrong manuscript entries.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"x2bbc2\" data-start=\"2315\" data-end=\"2338\"\u003eLight overall toning.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"13zwg0l\" data-start=\"2339\" data-end=\"2358\"\u003eNormal fold wear.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"s6zq16\" data-start=\"2359\" data-end=\"2395\"\u003eMinor edge losses and corner wear.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1om7h4w\" data-start=\"2396\" data-end=\"2441\"\u003eReverse shows expected embossing from seal.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"2443\" data-end=\"2526\"\u003eThe survival of both the wax seal and silk tie is a particularly desirable feature.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Signature Documents LLC","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":52597783757082,"sku":null,"price":895.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2221\/0931\/files\/IMG_1859.jpg?v=1785238166"},{"product_id":"1800-newburyport-massachusetts-bill-of-lading-ship-columbus-captain-caleb-tappan-bremen-germany-embossed-u-s-customs-seal","title":"1800 Newburyport Massachusetts Bill of Lading – Ship Columbus – Captain Caleb Tappan – Bremen, Germany – Embossed U.S. Customs Seal","description":"\u003cp data-start=\"19\" data-end=\"330\" class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"19\" data-end=\"64\"\u003eAmerican Bill of Lading – Ship \u003cem data-start=\"52\" data-end=\"62\"\u003eColumbus\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr data-start=\"64\" data-end=\"67\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"67\" data-end=\"76\"\u003eDate:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cstrong data-start=\"77\" data-end=\"94\"\u003eJuly 10, 1800\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr data-start=\"94\" data-end=\"97\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"97\" data-end=\"117\"\u003ePort of Loading:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cstrong data-start=\"118\" data-end=\"148\"\u003eNewburyport, Massachusetts\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr data-start=\"148\" data-end=\"151\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"151\" data-end=\"167\"\u003eDestination:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cstrong data-start=\"168\" data-end=\"187\"\u003eBremen, Germany\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr data-start=\"187\" data-end=\"190\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"190\" data-end=\"201\"\u003eMaster:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cstrong data-start=\"202\" data-end=\"226\"\u003eCaptain Caleb Tappan\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr data-start=\"226\" data-end=\"229\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"229\" data-end=\"243\"\u003eConsignor:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cstrong data-start=\"244\" data-end=\"261\"\u003eWilliam Chase\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr data-start=\"261\" data-end=\"264\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"264\" data-end=\"282\"\u003eDocument Type:\u003c\/strong\u003e Printed Bill of Lading completed in manuscript.\u003cspan aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchor\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"332\" data-end=\"565\"\u003eThis is an attractive and scarce Federal-period American bill of lading documenting a transatlantic shipment from the important New England port of \u003cstrong data-start=\"480\" data-end=\"495\"\u003eNewburyport\u003c\/strong\u003e to \u003cstrong data-start=\"499\" data-end=\"509\"\u003eBremen\u003c\/strong\u003e, one of northern Europe's principal commercial centers.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"567\" data-end=\"589\"\u003eThe cargo consists of:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"591\" data-end=\"647\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"16gcplh\" data-start=\"591\" data-end=\"620\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"593\" data-end=\"620\"\u003eFour hogsheads of sugar\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"10h0vwm\" data-start=\"621\" data-end=\"647\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"623\" data-end=\"647\"\u003eTwo barrels of sugar\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"649\" data-end=\"679\"\u003eThe freight rate is stated as:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote data-start=\"681\" data-end=\"715\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"683\" data-end=\"715\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"683\" data-end=\"715\"\u003eFive Pounds Sterling per Ton\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"717\" data-end=\"739\"\u003eThe document is dated:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote data-start=\"741\" data-end=\"773\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"743\" data-end=\"773\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"743\" data-end=\"773\"\u003eNewburyport, July 10, 1800\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"775\" data-end=\"850\"\u003eand is signed by \u003cstrong data-start=\"792\" data-end=\"816\"\u003eCaptain Caleb Tappan\u003c\/strong\u003e, master of the ship \u003cstrong data-start=\"837\" data-end=\"849\"\u003eColumbus\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr data-start=\"852\" data-end=\"855\"\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-section-id=\"7gs9od\" data-start=\"857\" data-end=\"876\"\u003eNotable Features\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"878\" data-end=\"1189\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"5mnors\" data-start=\"878\" data-end=\"915\"\u003eEarly American commercial document.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1wccbr1\" data-start=\"916\" data-end=\"943\"\u003eNewburyport export trade.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"7a7duc\" data-start=\"944\" data-end=\"975\"\u003eDestination: Bremen, Germany.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"14567q\" data-start=\"976\" data-end=\"1027\"\u003eOriginal embossed \u003cstrong data-start=\"996\" data-end=\"1021\"\u003eMassachusetts Customs\u003c\/strong\u003e seal.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"17qt4lh\" data-start=\"1028\" data-end=\"1064\"\u003eAttractive engraved ship vignette.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1k6k1m5\" data-start=\"1065\" data-end=\"1115\"\u003eLarge manuscript entries in brown iron-gall ink.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1fetwmh\" data-start=\"1116\" data-end=\"1138\"\u003eOriginal laid paper.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1hzr8rl\" data-start=\"1139\" data-end=\"1189\"\u003eReverse shows the embossing of the customs seal.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1191\" data-end=\"1320\"\u003eThe embossed seal reading \u003cstrong data-start=\"1217\" data-end=\"1250\"\u003e\"United States Massachusetts\"\u003c\/strong\u003e is particularly desirable and confirms its official customs function.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr data-start=\"1322\" data-end=\"1325\"\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-section-id=\"1353kst\" data-start=\"1327\" data-end=\"1351\"\u003eHistorical Importance\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1353\" data-end=\"1703\"\u003eThis bill of lading dates from the height of Newburyport's \"Golden Age\" as one of America's busiest seaports. During the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, Newburyport merchants maintained an active trade with northern Europe, exporting sugar, rum, fish, timber, and other commodities while importing manufactured goods and luxury items.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1705\" data-end=\"1995\"\u003eThe shipment of refined sugar illustrates the triangular Atlantic trade that continued following American independence. Documents naming both the ship and its master are especially desirable because many vessels and captains can be researched through customs records and shipping registers.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr data-start=\"1997\" data-end=\"2000\"\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-section-id=\"hrykuu\" data-start=\"2002\" data-end=\"2014\"\u003eCondition\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"2016\" data-end=\"2029\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"2016\" data-end=\"2029\"\u003eVery Good\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"2031\" data-end=\"2233\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1eyw9nx\" data-start=\"2031\" data-end=\"2051\"\u003eStrong manuscript.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1148ttv\" data-start=\"2052\" data-end=\"2078\"\u003eCrisp engraved vignette.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1yf0p7y\" data-start=\"2079\" data-end=\"2117\"\u003eEmbossed customs seal remains sharp.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1wmwu3x\" data-start=\"2118\" data-end=\"2135\"\u003eOriginal folds.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"14kfxeb\" data-start=\"2136\" data-end=\"2154\"\u003eMinor edge wear.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"387hvr\" data-start=\"2155\" data-end=\"2201\"\u003eSmall edge losses at left and right margins.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"5mm9r1\" data-start=\"2202\" data-end=\"2233\"\u003eOverall excellent eye appeal.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Signature Documents LLC","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":52597796405530,"sku":null,"price":795.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2221\/0931\/files\/IMG_1866.jpg?v=1785240094"},{"product_id":"1759-1763-colonial-boston-merchant-ledger-john-hull-co-estate-of-ebenezer-storer-original-account-current-pre-revolutionary-massachusetts","title":"1759–1763 Colonial Boston Merchant Ledger – John Hull \u0026 Co. – Estate of Ebenezer Storer – Original Account Current – Pre-Revolutionary Massachusetts","description":"\u003cp data-start=\"2834\" data-end=\"3073\" class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\"\u003eOriginal eighteenth-century merchant account current documenting commercial transactions between \u003cstrong data-start=\"2931\" data-end=\"2950\"\u003eJohn Hull \u0026amp; Co.\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong data-start=\"2955\" data-end=\"2988\"\u003ethe Estate of Ebenezer Storer\u003c\/strong\u003e, covering business conducted from \u003cstrong data-start=\"3023\" data-end=\"3053\"\u003e1759 through February 1763\u003c\/strong\u003e in colonial Boston.\u003cspan aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchor\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"3075\" data-end=\"3516\"\u003eThe ledger records purchases of imported English merchandise, including London gloves, cotton goods, flannel, linen handkerchiefs, buttons, pepper, tape, shoe buckles, Bengal cloth, gauze, women's gloves, and numerous other dry goods and sundries. Cash payments and credits are carefully entered in period iron-gall ink, reflecting the bookkeeping practices of Boston merchants during the years immediately preceding the American Revolution.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"3518\" data-end=\"3586\"\u003eThe account concludes with a contemporary acceptance notation dated:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"3588\" data-end=\"3654\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"3588\" data-end=\"3654\"\u003e\"Boston, February 18, 1763 – Errors Excepted – Edward Storer.\"\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"3656\" data-end=\"4011\"\u003eWritten on laid paper and preserved in very good condition, this manuscript provides a fascinating glimpse into the commercial life of colonial Massachusetts during the French and Indian War era. Merchant account sheets of this quality are increasingly difficult to obtain, particularly those preserving complete transactional details over multiple years.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"4013\" data-end=\"4227\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\"\u003eAn attractive and highly displayable piece of early American economic history, ideal for collectors of colonial manuscripts, Boston history, New England mercantile records, and pre-Revolutionary American documents.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"487\" data-end=\"585\" class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\"\u003eThe document records purchases of imported British dry goods and household merchandise, including:\u003cspan aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchor\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"587\" data-end=\"777\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"yoe7vo\" data-start=\"587\" data-end=\"602\"\u003eLondon gloves\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1t4vqnp\" data-start=\"603\" data-end=\"617\"\u003eCotton goods\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"17nprt9\" data-start=\"618\" data-end=\"627\"\u003eButtons\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1gqmmhx\" data-start=\"628\" data-end=\"649\"\u003eLinen handkerchiefs\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"12bpwwa\" data-start=\"650\" data-end=\"659\"\u003eFlannel\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"396i3u\" data-start=\"660\" data-end=\"668\"\u003ePepper\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1j4cy6g\" data-start=\"669\" data-end=\"675\"\u003eTape\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1kad0sc\" data-start=\"676\" data-end=\"690\"\u003eShoe buckles\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"veyr5y\" data-start=\"691\" data-end=\"707\"\u003eWomen's gloves\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1iucv5j\" data-start=\"708\" data-end=\"722\"\u003eBengal cloth\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1704y84\" data-start=\"723\" data-end=\"730\"\u003eGauze\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"d7p4gc\" data-start=\"731\" data-end=\"749\"\u003eVarious sundries\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"12i3nkd\" data-start=\"750\" data-end=\"777\"\u003eCash payments and credits\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"779\" data-end=\"820\"\u003eThe reverse bears an acceptance notation:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote data-start=\"822\" data-end=\"899\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"824\" data-end=\"899\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"824\" data-end=\"853\"\u003eBoston, February 18, 1763\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr data-start=\"853\" data-end=\"856\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"858\" data-end=\"877\"\u003eErrors Excepted\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr data-start=\"877\" data-end=\"880\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"882\" data-end=\"899\"\u003eEdward Storer\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"901\" data-end=\"1037\"\u003eThis indicates the account was reviewed and accepted by \u003cstrong data-start=\"957\" data-end=\"974\"\u003eEdward Storer\u003c\/strong\u003e, likely acting on behalf of the estate of \u003cstrong data-start=\"1017\" data-end=\"1036\"\u003eEbenezer Storer\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1039\" data-end=\"1061\"\u003eThe account is headed:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote data-start=\"1063\" data-end=\"1120\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1065\" data-end=\"1120\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"1065\" data-end=\"1120\"\u003e\"John Hull \u0026amp; Co. To the Late Compy. of Eben Storer\"\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1122\" data-end=\"1512\"\u003eThe handwriting, accounting format, and imported textile inventory are typical of Boston merchant records immediately before the American Revolution. Such ledgers document the dependence of colonial New England on imported English manufactured goods. Merchant account books of this type are important primary sources for the study of colonial commerce. \u003cspan class=\"\" data-state=\"closed\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr data-start=\"1514\" data-end=\"1517\"\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-section-id=\"hlyorq\" data-start=\"1519\" data-end=\"1545\"\u003eHistorical Significance\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1547\" data-end=\"1785\"\u003eAlthough this is not the seventeenth-century mintmaster John Hull, it is an excellent surviving \u003cstrong data-start=\"1643\" data-end=\"1670\"\u003eBoston merchant account\u003c\/strong\u003e from the French and Indian War era, documenting consumer purchases only a dozen years before the Boston Tea Party.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1787\" data-end=\"2095\"\u003eThe variety of imported fabrics and haberdashery items provides an excellent snapshot of everyday commerce among Boston's merchant class during the 1760s. Similar merchant accounts were typically discarded after settlement, making surviving examples increasingly scarce. \u003cspan class=\"\" data-state=\"closed\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr data-start=\"2097\" data-end=\"2100\"\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-section-id=\"hrykuu\" data-start=\"2102\" data-end=\"2114\"\u003eCondition\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"2116\" data-end=\"2346\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"mdxnc3\" data-start=\"2116\" data-end=\"2141\"\u003eLarge laid-paper folio.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1ax6gs8\" data-start=\"2142\" data-end=\"2171\"\u003eStrong, dark iron-gall ink.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"y73byr\" data-start=\"2172\" data-end=\"2202\"\u003eComplete and highly legible.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"13zwg0l\" data-start=\"2203\" data-end=\"2222\"\u003eNormal fold wear.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"jng2j2\" data-start=\"2223\" data-end=\"2259\"\u003eMinor edge losses at upper margin.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"13htdjl\" data-start=\"2260\" data-end=\"2303\"\u003eNo significant paper loss affecting text.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"4hkvgz\" data-start=\"2304\" data-end=\"2346\"\u003eVery good colonial manuscript condition.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Signature Documents LLC","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":52598010347802,"sku":null,"price":595.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2221\/0931\/files\/IMG_1884.jpg?v=1785247687"},{"product_id":"c-1760-1780-colonial-estate-division-household-inventory-manuscript-williams-family-probate-original-18th-century-american-manuscript","title":"c. 1760–1780 – Colonial Estate Division \u0026 Household Inventory Manuscript – Williams Family Probate – Original 18th Century American Manuscript","description":"\u003cdiv class=\"relative basis-auto flex-col -mb-(--composer-overlap-px) pb-(--composer-overlap-px) [--composer-overlap-px:28px] grow flex\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"flex min-h-0 grow flex-col text-sm\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"qMYqUG_convSearchResultHighlightRoot\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-WEB:7dffbfcf-9e2d-44f1-b28d-2a0c9c41a962-14\" data-is-intersecting=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csection class=\"text-token-text-primary w-full focus:outline-none has-data-writing-block:pointer-events-none [\u0026amp;:has([data-writing-block])\u0026gt;*]:pointer-events-auto R6Vx5W_threadScrollVars scroll-mb-[calc(var(--scroll-root-safe-area-inset-bottom,0px)+var(--thread-response-height))] scroll-mt-[calc(var(--header-height)+min(200px,max(70px,20svh)))]\" dir=\"auto\" data-turn-id=\"request-WEB:7dffbfcf-9e2d-44f1-b28d-2a0c9c41a962-14\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-WEB:7dffbfcf-9e2d-44f1-b28d-2a0c9c41a962-14\" data-testid=\"conversation-turn-30\" data-turn=\"assistant\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"text-base my-auto mx-auto pb-8 [--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-xs,calc(var(--spacing)*4))] @w-sm\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-sm,calc(var(--spacing)*6))] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-lg,calc(var(--spacing)*16))] px-(--thread-content-margin)\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv data-conversation-screenshot-content=\"\" class=\"[--thread-content-max-width:40rem] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-max-width:48rem] mx-auto max-w-(--thread-content-max-width) flex-1 group\/turn-messages focus-visible:outline-hidden relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col agent-turn\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"flex max-w-full flex-col gap-4 grow\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv data-message-author-role=\"assistant\" data-message-id=\"78ba0bea-aeff-4fb3-b93c-8a9625573d58\" data-turn-start-message=\"true\" dir=\"auto\" data-message-model-slug=\"gpt-5-5\" class=\"min-h-8 text-message relative flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 text-start break-words whitespace-normal outline-none keyboard-focused:focus-ring [.text-message+\u0026amp;]:mt-1\" tabindex=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown prose dark:prose-invert wrap-break-word w-full light markdown-new-styling\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"2982\" data-end=\"3144\" class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\"\u003eOriginal eighteenth-century probate manuscript documenting the division of a colonial American estate among members of the Williams family after payment of debts.\u003cspan aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchor\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"3146\" data-end=\"3468\"\u003eThe manuscript records the allocation of the family's \u003cstrong data-start=\"3200\" data-end=\"3235\"\u003ehouse, land, and movable estate\u003c\/strong\u003e to heirs including \u003cstrong data-start=\"3255\" data-end=\"3372\"\u003eAbigail Williams, Simon Williams, Daniel Williams, Dorothy Williams, Easter (Esther) Williams, and Tenor Williams\u003c\/strong\u003e, with detailed calculations balancing each beneficiary's share in pounds, shillings, and pence.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"3470\" data-end=\"3995\"\u003eAccompanying the financial calculations is an exceptionally detailed inventory of household furnishings and personal property distributed to each heir. Listed items include feather beds, looking glass, pewter plates and dishes, brass kettles, chairs, tables, chests, Bible, coffee pot, tea canisters, tea spoons, candlesticks, warming pan, table linens, napkins, curtains, buckles, razors, bottles, flannel, kitchen utensils, furniture, and numerous other household possessions that illustrate daily life in colonial America.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"3997\" data-end=\"4360\"\u003eSuch estate division manuscripts are among the finest surviving records of early American domestic life, preserving not only the value of an estate but the actual distribution of property among heirs. Documents of this type are highly desirable to collectors of colonial Americana, probate records, genealogy, social history, and early household material culture.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"4362\" data-end=\"4530\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\"\u003eAn outstanding and highly displayable manuscript offering a rare glimpse into the home, possessions, and inheritance practices of an eighteenth-century American family.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"370\" data-end=\"426\" class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\"\u003eThe manuscript consists of two related accounting pages:\u003cspan aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchor\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003col data-start=\"428\" data-end=\"576\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"10blpui\" data-start=\"428\" data-end=\"506\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong data-start=\"431\" data-end=\"482\"\u003eDivision of the house, land, and movable estate\u003c\/strong\u003e after payment of debts.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"7gmpo4\" data-start=\"507\" data-end=\"576\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong data-start=\"510\" data-end=\"553\"\u003eDetailed inventories of household goods\u003c\/strong\u003e allotted to each heir.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"578\" data-end=\"598\"\u003eNamed heirs include:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"600\" data-end=\"716\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"z5fns9\" data-start=\"600\" data-end=\"618\"\u003eAbigail Williams\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"2x3x1y\" data-start=\"619\" data-end=\"635\"\u003eSimon Williams\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1u2bxbf\" data-start=\"636\" data-end=\"653\"\u003eDaniel Williams\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"l81bg3\" data-start=\"654\" data-end=\"672\"\u003eDorothy Williams\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1cyrbc8\" data-start=\"673\" data-end=\"699\"\u003eEaster (Esther) Williams\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"4rjz5u\" data-start=\"700\" data-end=\"716\"\u003eTenor Williams\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"718\" data-end=\"827\"\u003eThe opening calculations state that after debts were paid, each heir was entitled to a proportional share of:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"829\" data-end=\"880\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"16oipf0\" data-start=\"829\" data-end=\"836\"\u003eHouse\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1j3uhcf\" data-start=\"837\" data-end=\"843\"\u003eLand\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1ih8c2i\" data-start=\"844\" data-end=\"880\"\u003eMovable estate (personal property)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"882\" data-end=\"953\"\u003eThe inventory then records each beneficiary's allotted household goods.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr data-start=\"955\" data-end=\"958\"\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-section-id=\"1c7c49r\" data-start=\"960\" data-end=\"971\"\u003eContents\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"973\" data-end=\"1040\"\u003eThe inventories include numerous period household items, including:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"1042\" data-end=\"1454\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1wx3iit\" data-start=\"1042\" data-end=\"1057\"\u003eLooking glass\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1d0bve9\" data-start=\"1058\" data-end=\"1072\"\u003eFeather beds\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1ux6362\" data-start=\"1073\" data-end=\"1081\"\u003eChairs\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"5s09k5\" data-start=\"1082\" data-end=\"1090\"\u003eTables\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"16xa8zl\" data-start=\"1091\" data-end=\"1098\"\u003eChest\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1sovcul\" data-start=\"1099\" data-end=\"1114\"\u003eBrass kettles\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"kco6ae\" data-start=\"1115\" data-end=\"1130\"\u003ePewter plates\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"cjcs95\" data-start=\"1131\" data-end=\"1146\"\u003ePewter dishes\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1cdv3lb\" data-start=\"1147\" data-end=\"1156\"\u003eTankard\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"37n1db\" data-start=\"1157\" data-end=\"1169\"\u003eCoffee pot\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"pafz6m\" data-start=\"1170\" data-end=\"1185\"\u003eTea canisters\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1wkft0m\" data-start=\"1186\" data-end=\"1198\"\u003eTea spoons\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"177rw7w\" data-start=\"1199\" data-end=\"1213\"\u003eCandlesticks\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"oxdgov\" data-start=\"1214\" data-end=\"1223\"\u003eBottles\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"16rabfs\" data-start=\"1224\" data-end=\"1231\"\u003eLinen\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"h09bhk\" data-start=\"1232\" data-end=\"1241\"\u003eNapkins\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"bcf5y1\" data-start=\"1242\" data-end=\"1255\"\u003eTablecloths\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"g41bpp\" data-start=\"1256\" data-end=\"1266\"\u003eCurtains\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1yos5ni\" data-start=\"1267\" data-end=\"1280\"\u003eWarming pan\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"12bpwwa\" data-start=\"1281\" data-end=\"1290\"\u003eFlannel\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"17xv9fx\" data-start=\"1291\" data-end=\"1300\"\u003eBuckles\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"6z472n\" data-start=\"1301\" data-end=\"1309\"\u003eRazors\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"16xx748\" data-start=\"1310\" data-end=\"1317\"\u003eBible\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"8c7pdz\" data-start=\"1318\" data-end=\"1338\"\u003eChest with drawers\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"lso06n\" data-start=\"1339\" data-end=\"1357\"\u003eCooking utensils\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1cr82e7\" data-start=\"1358\" data-end=\"1372\"\u003eKitchen ware\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1jmoegd\" data-start=\"1373\" data-end=\"1393\"\u003eHousehold textiles\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1ycw02g\" data-start=\"1394\" data-end=\"1405\"\u003eFurniture\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"g6uz4s\" data-start=\"1406\" data-end=\"1454\"\u003eLivestock or land adjustments noted separately\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1456\" data-end=\"1568\"\u003eEach section is totaled in pounds, shillings, and pence with balancing calculations to equalize the inheritance.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr data-start=\"1570\" data-end=\"1573\"\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-section-id=\"hlyorq\" data-start=\"1575\" data-end=\"1601\"\u003eHistorical Significance\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1603\" data-end=\"2056\"\u003eThis is exactly the type of manuscript created during probate proceedings after the death of a property owner. Estate divisions allocated land and personal property among heirs after debts were satisfied. Such documents provide an unusually detailed picture of domestic life, recording everyday possessions—from furniture and linens to cookware and personal effects—that seldom survive in the archaeological record. \u003cspan class=\"\" data-state=\"closed\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"2058\" data-end=\"2246\"\u003eUnlike a simple inventory, this manuscript also shows \u003cstrong data-start=\"2112\" data-end=\"2172\"\u003ehow the estate was actually divided among family members\u003c\/strong\u003e, making it more informative for genealogical and social-history research.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr data-start=\"2248\" data-end=\"2251\"\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-section-id=\"hrykuu\" data-start=\"2253\" data-end=\"2265\"\u003eCondition\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"2267\" data-end=\"2480\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1q4ckd5\" data-start=\"2267\" data-end=\"2297\"\u003eTwo folio manuscript leaves.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"dny4da\" data-start=\"2298\" data-end=\"2329\"\u003eInk remains dark and legible.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"iwuwyk\" data-start=\"2330\" data-end=\"2350\"\u003eTypical fold wear.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1qrawst\" data-start=\"2351\" data-end=\"2380\"\u003eMinor toning and edge wear.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"sommc1\" data-start=\"2381\" data-end=\"2412\"\u003eNo major loss affecting text.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"nxqu0n\" data-start=\"2413\" data-end=\"2480\"\u003eVery good condition for an eighteenth-century probate manuscript.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/section\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"Signature Documents LLC","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":52598059401498,"sku":null,"price":825.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2221\/0931\/files\/IMG_1887.jpg?v=1785248309"},{"product_id":"1807-boston-bill-of-exchange-drawn-on-baring-brothers-london-early-u-s-banking-commerce-embossed-revenue-stamp","title":"1807 Boston Bill of Exchange Drawn on Baring Brothers, London – Early U.S. Banking \u0026 Commerce – Embossed Revenue Stamp","description":"\u003cp data-start=\"2449\" data-end=\"2860\" class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\"\u003eOriginal partly printed \u003cstrong data-start=\"2473\" data-end=\"2493\"\u003eBill of Exchange\u003c\/strong\u003e issued in \u003cstrong data-start=\"2504\" data-end=\"2534\"\u003eBoston on October 13, 1807\u003c\/strong\u003e, directing payment of \u003cstrong data-start=\"2557\" data-end=\"2574\"\u003e£107 Sterling\u003c\/strong\u003e at thirty days sight to \u003cstrong data-start=\"2599\" data-end=\"2617\"\u003eJeremiah Smith\u003c\/strong\u003e. The instrument is drawn on the renowned London merchant banking house \u003cstrong data-start=\"2689\" data-end=\"2714\"\u003eBaring Brothers \u0026amp; Co.\u003c\/strong\u003e, one of the most influential financial institutions of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries and a principal financier of Anglo-American trade.\u003cspan aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchor\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"2862\" data-end=\"3371\"\u003eCompleted entirely in period manuscript, the bill is signed by \u003cstrong data-start=\"2925\" data-end=\"2940\"\u003eJoseph Head\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong data-start=\"2945\" data-end=\"2959\"\u003eLydia Head\u003c\/strong\u003e and bears its original embossed \u003cstrong data-start=\"2992\" data-end=\"3031\"\u003e25-cent United States revenue stamp\u003c\/strong\u003e, together with period endorsements and banking notations on the reverse documenting its circulation. Issued only weeks before President Thomas Jefferson's Embargo Act transformed American overseas commerce, the document represents the sophisticated financial network that connected merchants in Boston and London during the Early Republic.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"3373\" data-end=\"3631\"\u003eAn outstanding original artifact of American banking, international trade, and Federal-period commerce. Ideal for collectors of early U.S. financial history, merchant manuscripts, Boston history, maritime commerce, Anglo-American trade, and banking ephemera.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"325\" data-end=\"379\" class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\"\u003eThe printed form is completed in manuscript and reads:\u003cspan aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchor\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"381\" data-end=\"616\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"ckld7d\" data-start=\"381\" data-end=\"408\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"383\" data-end=\"408\"\u003eBoston, Oct. 13, 1807\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1blfboy\" data-start=\"409\" data-end=\"440\"\u003eAmount: \u003cstrong data-start=\"419\" data-end=\"440\"\u003e£107.1.4 Sterling\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"oj1fdn\" data-start=\"441\" data-end=\"475\"\u003ePayable \u003cstrong data-start=\"451\" data-end=\"475\"\u003eat thirty days sight\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1wmaida\" data-start=\"476\" data-end=\"511\"\u003ePayable to \u003cstrong data-start=\"489\" data-end=\"511\"\u003eMr. Jeremiah Smith\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"17jhcye\" data-start=\"512\" data-end=\"564\"\u003eDrawn on \u003cstrong data-start=\"523\" data-end=\"564\"\u003eMessrs. Baring Brothers \u0026amp; Co., London\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"7nr2fd\" data-start=\"565\" data-end=\"616\"\u003eSigned by:\n\u003cul data-start=\"580\" data-end=\"616\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"t744h7\" data-start=\"580\" data-end=\"597\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"582\" data-end=\"597\"\u003eJoseph Head\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1xffs1l\" data-start=\"600\" data-end=\"616\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"602\" data-end=\"616\"\u003eLydia Head\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"618\" data-end=\"735\"\u003eThe document bears an embossed \u003cstrong data-start=\"649\" data-end=\"679\"\u003e25-cent U.S. revenue stamp\u003c\/strong\u003e, required under the federal stamp duties then in force.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"737\" data-end=\"835\"\u003eThe reverse carries period endorsements and banking notations documenting negotiation of the bill.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr data-start=\"837\" data-end=\"840\"\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-section-id=\"1353kst\" data-start=\"842\" data-end=\"866\"\u003eHistorical Importance\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"868\" data-end=\"931\"\u003eThis is a fine example of early American international finance.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"933\" data-end=\"1119\"\u003eRather than shipping coin across the Atlantic, merchants settled accounts through \u003cstrong data-start=\"1015\" data-end=\"1036\"\u003ebills of exchange\u003c\/strong\u003e, which functioned much like negotiable checks drawn on established banking houses.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1121\" data-end=\"1167\"\u003eSeveral features make this document desirable:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"1169\" data-end=\"1446\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"197e1n7\" data-start=\"1169\" data-end=\"1191\"\u003eEarly Federal period\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"jmh0mo\" data-start=\"1192\" data-end=\"1220\"\u003eBoston commercial document\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"y98aef\" data-start=\"1221\" data-end=\"1307\"\u003eDrawn on \u003cstrong data-start=\"1232\" data-end=\"1257\"\u003eBaring Brothers \u0026amp; Co.\u003c\/strong\u003e, one of the world's most important merchant banks\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1ji2x\" data-start=\"1308\" data-end=\"1349\"\u003eOriginal embossed federal revenue stamp\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"akijpz\" data-start=\"1350\" data-end=\"1411\"\u003eShortly before Jefferson's \u003cstrong data-start=\"1379\" data-end=\"1411\"\u003eEmbargo Act of December 1807\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"klz5zp\" data-start=\"1412\" data-end=\"1446\"\u003eOriginal endorsements on reverse\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 data-section-id=\"169ktyo\" data-start=\"1448\" data-end=\"1467\"\u003eBaring Brothers\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1469\" data-end=\"1636\"\u003eBaring Brothers was Britain's leading merchant bank during the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries and handled enormous volumes of American trade financing.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1638\" data-end=\"1741\"\u003eBills drawn upon Baring Brothers are collected as important artifacts of early Anglo-American commerce.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr data-start=\"1743\" data-end=\"1746\"\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-section-id=\"hrykuu\" data-start=\"1748\" data-end=\"1760\"\u003eCondition\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"1762\" data-end=\"1948\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1fgr7hz\" data-start=\"1762\" data-end=\"1785\"\u003eOriginal printed form\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"gjyvl\" data-start=\"1786\" data-end=\"1813\"\u003eStrong manuscript entries\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"rqgv3o\" data-start=\"1814\" data-end=\"1847\"\u003eOriginal embossed revenue stamp\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1x7t1fx\" data-start=\"1848\" data-end=\"1870\"\u003eReverse endorsements\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1c8p1n1\" data-start=\"1871\" data-end=\"1908\"\u003eLight staining from former mounting\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"mr4zfh\" data-start=\"1909\" data-end=\"1926\"\u003eMinor edge wear\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1dznt7k\" data-start=\"1927\" data-end=\"1948\"\u003eVery good condition\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Signature Documents LLC","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":52599578034458,"sku":null,"price":595.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2221\/0931\/files\/IMG_1896.jpg?v=1785254433"},{"product_id":"1799-u-s-customs-certificate-canton-china-trade-hyson-tea-boston-embossed-federal-seal","title":"1799 U.S. Customs Certificate — Canton China Trade \u0026 Hyson Tea — Boston — Embossed Federal Seal","description":"\u003cp class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e Original 1799 United States Customs Certificate documenting the importation of Hyson tea from Canton — District of Massachusetts, Port of Boston and Charlestown\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchor\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn exceptionally interesting original document from the \u003cstrong\u003eearly Federal period of the United States\u003c\/strong\u003e, dated \u003cstrong\u003eAugust 19, 1799\u003c\/strong\u003e, documenting the importation of \u003cstrong\u003eone box containing sixteen pounds of Hyson tea from Canton, China\u003c\/strong\u003e aboard an American vessel.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIssued by the \u003cstrong\u003eDistrict of Massachusetts, Port of Boston and Charlestown\u003c\/strong\u003e, this certificate is numbered \u003cstrong\u003e5063\u003c\/strong\u003e and records the official examination and certification of the imported merchandise.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe document bears a striking \u003cstrong\u003eembossed early United States eagle seal\u003c\/strong\u003e, surrounded by an elaborate engraved border. The manuscript endorsements and signatures of the customs officials provide additional evidence of its official use.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe document illustrates the developing American federal customs system at a fascinating moment in the nation's history, only a decade after the establishment of the Federal government. The 1799 revenue laws were an important expansion of the federal government's regulation of imported merchandise and customs collections. \u003cspan class=\"contents\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOf particular interest is the reference to \u003cstrong\u003eCanton and Hyson tea\u003c\/strong\u003e. Chinese tea was a significant commodity in the developing American trade with Asia, and Hyson was among the varieties specifically advertised and sold in the United States during this period. \u003cspan class=\"contents\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eDocument Details\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDate:\u003c\/strong\u003e August 19, 1799\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eLocation:\u003c\/strong\u003e Boston, Massachusetts\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDistrict:\u003c\/strong\u003e District of Massachusetts\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePort:\u003c\/strong\u003e Boston and Charlestown\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDocument No.:\u003c\/strong\u003e 5063\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCommodity:\u003c\/strong\u003e Hyson Tea\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eQuantity:\u003c\/strong\u003e 16 pounds\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eOrigin:\u003c\/strong\u003e Canton, China\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eVessel:\u003c\/strong\u003e American vessel, as stated in the document\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCustoms official:\u003c\/strong\u003e Thomas Melvill\/Melville, Inspector\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eEmbossed:\u003c\/strong\u003e Early United States federal eagle seal\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePeriod:\u003c\/strong\u003e Early Federal Republic\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCondition:\u003c\/strong\u003e Very Good. Original folds, age toning, minor staining and edge wear, with the manuscript text, signatures and embossed federal seal remaining exceptionally legible.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Signature Documents LLC","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":52702934368538,"sku":null,"price":495.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2221\/0931\/files\/IMG_2121.jpg?v=1786831130"},{"product_id":"1791-connecticut-civil-list-payment-order-possible-revolutionary-war-bunker-hill-connection","title":"1791 Connecticut Civil List Payment Order — Possible Revolutionary War \/ Bunker Hill Connection","description":"\u003cp class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOriginal 1791 Connecticut Government Payment Order — New Haven — Medical Treatment of Jeremiah Williams — Possible Bunker Hill Association\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchor\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn exceptional original manuscript \u003cstrong\u003eConnecticut Civil List payment order\u003c\/strong\u003e, dated \u003cstrong\u003eNovember 30, 1791\u003c\/strong\u003e, issued at \u003cstrong\u003eNew Haven, Connecticut\u003c\/strong\u003e, authorizing payment to \u003cstrong\u003eMr. Levi Lewis\u003c\/strong\u003e of \u003cstrong\u003enine shillings and sixpence (£0.9.6)\u003c\/strong\u003e from Civil List tax revenues.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe order specifically states that the money was being allowed to Lewis for \u003cstrong\u003e“Physick to Jeremiah Williams”\u003c\/strong\u003e—an early term for medicines or medical treatment. The document therefore provides a fascinating glimpse into the financial and medical administration of the young State of Connecticut only fifteen years after American independence.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe reverse contains important original governmental endorsements, including \u003cstrong\u003eOrder No. 7405\u003c\/strong\u003e, registration in the \u003cstrong\u003eComptroller's Office on May 17, 1792\u003c\/strong\u003e, and the subsequent notation:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e“Paid by Sheriff Woodward on New Haven Taxes.”\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eA Possible Revolutionary War \/ Bunker Hill Connection\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOf particular interest is the identification of the recipient of the medical treatment as \u003cstrong\u003eJeremiah Williams\u003c\/strong\u003e. Historical genealogical research identifies a \u003cstrong\u003eJeremiah Williams of the Connecticut Williams family as having participated in the Battle of Bunker Hill in 1775\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhile the present document \u003cstrong\u003edoes not by itself establish that the Jeremiah Williams named here was the same man who participated at Bunker Hill\u003c\/strong\u003e, the chronological and Connecticut connection makes this an intriguing possibility worthy of further research.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf the identification is confirmed, this otherwise obscure Civil List payment becomes a direct documentary reference to the later life of a \u003cstrong\u003eRevolutionary War participant\u003c\/strong\u003e, making it substantially more significant to collectors of Revolutionary War and early American material.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe document's original folds, manuscript entries, governmental endorsements, Comptroller registration and tax-payment notation remain intact.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDate:\u003c\/strong\u003e November 30, 1791\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePlace:\u003c\/strong\u003e New Haven, Connecticut\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePayee:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levi Lewis\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFor:\u003c\/strong\u003e “Physick to Jeremiah Williams”\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAmount:\u003c\/strong\u003e £0.9.6\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOrder No.:\u003c\/strong\u003e 7405\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRegistered:\u003c\/strong\u003e Connecticut Comptroller's Office, May 17, 1792\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePaid:\u003c\/strong\u003e By Sheriff Woodward on New Haven taxes\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCondition:\u003c\/strong\u003e Good original condition, with expected age toning, folds, minor staining and edge wear.\u003cspan role=\"text\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eA particularly intriguing early Connecticut governmental document with a possible connection to a Revolutionary War veteran of the Battle of Bunker Hill. Further research into the identity of Jeremiah Williams may establish an even more significant historical association.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Signature Documents LLC","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":52702944166170,"sku":null,"price":395.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2221\/0931\/files\/IMG_2125.jpg?v=1786832108"},{"product_id":"1779-massachusetts-bay-revolutionary-war-ten-pound-treasury-note-signed-by-henry-gardner-william-cooper-and-nathaniel-appleton","title":"1779 Massachusetts-Bay Revolutionary War Ten-Pound Treasury Note — Signed by Henry Gardner, William Cooper and Nathaniel Appleton","description":"\u003cp class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\"\u003eOriginal Revolutionary War–era interest-bearing treasury note issued by the State of Massachusetts-Bay on January 15, 1779. Numbered 7303 and issued in the substantial amount of ten pounds, the note obligated the Commonwealth to repay its bearer in December 1780, together with annual interest of six percent.\u003cspan class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchor\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe document bears the manuscript signature of \u003cstrong\u003eHenry Gardner\u003c\/strong\u003e, Massachusetts treasurer during the Revolution, along with the signatures of committee members \u003cstrong\u003eWilliam Cooper\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eNathaniel Appleton\u003c\/strong\u003e. Gardner was appointed treasurer by the Massachusetts Provincial Congress in 1774 and continued as the Commonwealth’s first treasurer under its new constitution. Cooper was a prominent Boston Patriot and the city’s longtime town clerk.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIssued while the Revolutionary War was still being fought, notes of this kind represent the financial machinery that sustained Massachusetts and the American cause. Its elaborate border, composed of ornamental faces, symbols and typographical devices, served both a decorative and anti-counterfeiting purpose.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe note survives in well-used and historically evocative condition, with overall toning, staining, fold separations, edge losses and extensive old tape reinforcement on the reverse. The treasurer’s signature and portions of the obligation appear canceled or marked at the time of redemption. Despite these faults, the printed text, denomination, serial number and all three principal signatures remain visible.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn authentic fiscal document produced and circulated during the struggle for American independence.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Signature Documents LLC","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":52715384406298,"sku":null,"price":395.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2221\/0931\/files\/IMG_2268.jpg?v=1787098227"},{"product_id":"1780-massachusetts-revolutionary-war-lottery-treasury-certificate-rattlesnake-and-pine-tree-signed-by-henry-gardner","title":"1780 Massachusetts Revolutionary War Lottery Treasury Certificate — Rattlesnake and Pine Tree — Signed by Henry Gardner","description":"\u003cp class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\"\u003eOriginal Revolutionary War treasury certificate issued by the \u003cstrong\u003eState of Massachusetts-Bay on February 5, 1780\u003c\/strong\u003e, in connection with the \u003cstrong\u003eMassachusetts State Lottery, Class the Fourth\u003c\/strong\u003e. Numbered 117 and issued for fifteen pounds, it promised repayment by January 1, 1783, with interest at six percent per annum.\u003cspan class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchor\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCataloged as \u003cstrong\u003eAnderson MA-16\u003c\/strong\u003e, the certificate bears the signatures of Massachusetts Treasurer \u003cstrong\u003eHenry Gardner\u003c\/strong\u003e and committee members \u003cstrong\u003eEdward Green\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eS. Soley\/Scollay\u003c\/strong\u003e. Gardner was appointed receiver general and treasurer by the Massachusetts Provincial Congress in 1774 and remained responsible for the Commonwealth’s finances through much of the Revolutionary War.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEspecially appealing is the embossed emblem at upper left depicting a \u003cstrong\u003erattlesnake encircling a pine tree\u003c\/strong\u003e with the patriotic Latin motto \u003cstrong\u003e“Dat Vires Unio”\u003c\/strong\u003e—“Union Gives Strength.” Its elaborate calligraphic title, interlocking denomination border and symbolic Revolutionary imagery make it a particularly decorative example of early American fiscal paper. The elaborate engraved designs are commonly described as being derived from or influenced by Paul Revere’s Massachusetts fiscal designs.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMassachusetts used public lotteries and interest-bearing certificates to raise desperately needed funds during the Revolution. This document therefore represents both an early American financial instrument and a tangible remnant of Massachusetts’ effort to finance the struggle for independence.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe certificate is complete with broad margins and strong printed detail. It displays expected toning, folds, minor edge wear and small ink-corrosion losses around one committee signature. Gardner’s signature is crossed through as an official period cancellation, indicating that the obligation was likely redeemed. Period accounting endorsements remain visible on the reverse.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA handsome and displayable Revolutionary War financial document featuring evocative Massachusetts patriotic symbolism.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Signature Documents LLC","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":52715397415194,"sku":null,"price":395.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2221\/0931\/files\/IMG_2270.jpg?v=1787098550"},{"product_id":"boston-tea-party-participant-thomas-melvill-twice-signed-1806-maritime-court-report-concerning-the-outfitting-of-an-early-maine-brig","title":"Boston Tea Party Participant Thomas Melvill — Twice-Signed 1806 Maritime Court Report Concerning the Outfitting of an Early Maine Brig","description":"\u003cp class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\"\u003eAn exceptional Federal-period manuscript signed twice by \u003cstrong\u003eMajor Thomas Melvill (1751–1832)\u003c\/strong\u003e, member of the Sons of Liberty, participant in the Boston Tea Party, Revolutionary War officer, and grandfather of \u003cem\u003eMoby-Dick\u003c\/em\u003e author Herman Melville. Also signed by prominent Portland attorney \u003cstrong\u003eWilliam Symmes (1760–1807)\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003cspan class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchor\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDocketed for the March 1806 term of the Cumberland County Court of Common Pleas, this extensive manuscript report concerns the financial affairs of the Maine mercantile partnership of \u003cstrong\u003eHaley \u0026amp; Penney\u003c\/strong\u003e. Cumberland County was then within Massachusetts, fourteen years before Maine achieved statehood.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe report contains particularly engaging maritime content. It describes Haley \u0026amp; Penney’s sale and outfitting of a brig, apparently the \u003cstrong\u003eAnn\u003c\/strong\u003e, which they agreed to furnish “with every article ready for sea” at a price of thirty-five dollars per ton. The vessel was calculated at approximately 144 tons, with its total valuation exceeding $5,000. Additional passages address cash advances, merchandise, partnership credits, outstanding debts and the proper allocation of a private account.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMelvill and Symmes signed the commissioners’ principal accounting report. Melvill subsequently added and signed a separate sworn clarification stating that the private account should not be charged against the partnership’s common assets. Both portions are docketed “Sworn 8 Mar. 1806.”\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThomas Melvill participated in the destruction of British tea at Boston’s Griffin’s Wharf on December 16, 1773. He subsequently served during the Revolutionary War and held important customs positions at the Port of Boston. He was remembered in Boston as one of the final living representatives of the Revolutionary generation and reportedly inspired Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr.’s poem “The Last Leaf.”\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA highly desirable association piece combining the \u003cstrong\u003eBoston Tea Party, Revolutionary War, early Maine history, maritime commerce, ship outfitting and Federal-period law\u003c\/strong\u003e. Far more substantial than the routine printed customs certificates on which Melvill’s autograph usually appears.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCondition:\u003c\/strong\u003e Original filing folds, scattered toning, minor edge wear, ink corrections and small spots, all consistent with an actively used 1806 court record. Writing and signatures remain strong and legible.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eor\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\"\u003e1806 Pennsylvania Court Manuscript — Potash and Mercantile Dispute, Cumberland County\u003cspan class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchor\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOriginal handwritten legal manuscript entered in the Cumberland County, Pennsylvania, Court of Common Pleas during its March 1806 term. The document records sworn statements concerning money and merchandise held for the early mercantile firm of Haley \u0026amp; Finney.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe testimony describes Haley \u0026amp; Finney delivering a cotton bag with instructions that it be filled with merchandise valued at thirty-five dollars per ton. It further records the handling and sale of approximately 144 tons of potash, producing more than $5,000 and leaving a calculated balance of approximately $1,022 due to the firm. A separate private account of $49.82 is also acknowledged.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe manuscript appears connected with an attachment or garnishment proceeding arising from a suit brought by Shaw \u0026amp; Duncan against Haley \u0026amp; Finney and another party. It contains extensive contemporary corrections and revised calculations, suggesting that it was a working draft or retained court memorandum rather than a formal engrossed filing.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSigned at the conclusion by \u003cstrong\u003eThomas McCulloh\u003c\/strong\u003e and a second individual believed to be \u003cstrong\u003eWilliam Ramsey\u003c\/strong\u003e, with McCulloh signing an additional statement concerning the private account. Docketed March 8, 1806.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn unusually detailed survival documenting the legal and commercial mechanics of the early American potash trade—an important source of export income and industrial material during the nation’s formative period.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDate:\u003c\/strong\u003e March 1806\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePlace:\u003c\/strong\u003e Cumberland County, Pennsylvania\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFormat:\u003c\/strong\u003e Handwritten court memorandum on laid paper\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSignatures:\u003c\/strong\u003e Thomas McCulloh and one other, believed William Ramsey\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCondition:\u003c\/strong\u003e Original folds, light toning, scattered stains, edge wear, and contemporary corrections; generally well preserved and legible.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Signature Documents LLC","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":52716789399834,"sku":null,"price":1295.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2221\/0931\/files\/IMG_2272_55c2e1b8-ed0f-44bb-9693-8ae01ef817a9.jpg?v=1787142504"}],"url":"https:\/\/www.thearchiveauthority.com\/en-ca\/collections\/massachusetts-and-boston.oembed","provider":"Signature Documents LLC","version":"1.0","type":"link"}